#1
Which enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Ligase
Helicase
#2
In which direction does RNA polymerase move along the DNA template during transcription?
3' to 5'
5' to 3'
Bidirectional
Randomly
#3
Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)
#4
In which stage of transcription does RNA polymerase bind to the promoter region of DNA?
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
Processing
#5
What is the function of the template strand during transcription?
To serve as a primer for DNA replication
To code for the amino acid sequence
To serve as a template for RNA synthesis
To bind transcription factors
#6
Which of the following is NOT involved in transcription initiation in prokaryotes?
Promoter
Sigma factor
Terminator
RNA polymerase
#7
What is the function of transcription factors?
Catalyze the formation of RNA
Initiate translation
Regulate gene expression by binding to DNA sequences
Repair damaged DNA
#8
What is the function of the TATA box in transcription?
It acts as a start codon for translation
It serves as a binding site for RNA polymerase
It promotes the addition of a poly-A tail to the RNA transcript
It stabilizes the RNA transcript
#9
What is the role of RNA processing in eukaryotic gene expression?
To repair damaged DNA
To remove introns and splice exons together
To initiate transcription
To regulate gene expression by binding to DNA sequences
#10
What is the function of RNA polymerase II in eukaryotic transcription?
It synthesizes ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
It synthesizes messenger RNA (mRNA)
It synthesizes transfer RNA (tRNA)
It synthesizes small nuclear RNA (snRNA)
#11
In eukaryotes, what is the role of the polyadenylation signal in transcription termination?
It promotes the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter
It signals the release of RNA polymerase and RNA transcript
It mediates the addition of a poly-A tail to the RNA transcript
It recruits transcription factors to the transcription complex
#12
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of RNA splicing?
Addition of a poly-A tail to the RNA transcript
Removal of exons from the RNA transcript
Addition of a 5' cap to the RNA transcript
Addition of introns to the RNA transcript
#13
What is the primary role of RNA interference (RNAi) in gene regulation?
To initiate transcription
To promote translation
To degrade mRNA molecules
To stabilize mRNA molecules
#14
What is the role of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA processing?
It promotes the addition of a poly-A tail
It stabilizes the mRNA molecule
It removes introns from the mRNA
It serves as a start codon for translation
#15
What is the function of the UTRs (Untranslated Regions) in mRNA?
To encode amino acids
To initiate translation
To regulate translation and mRNA stability
To terminate transcription