#1
Which of the following components is not part of the DNA nucleotide?
Phosphate group
Ribose sugar
Nitrogenous base
Deoxyribose sugar
#2
What type of bond holds the two strands of the DNA double helix together?
Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Peptide bonds
#3
What process describes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template?
Translation
Replication
Transcription
Reverse transcription
#4
Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA but not in RNA?
Adenine
Guanine
Uracil
Thymine
#5
Which of the following is a purine base in DNA?
Cytosine
Thymine
Adenine
Uracil
#6
Which of the following enzymes is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
Helicase
Ligase
Primase
#7
In the context of DNA structure, what is meant by 'antiparallel' arrangement?
The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions
The two strands of DNA are parallel but with a twist
The two strands of DNA have the same sequence
The two strands of DNA are completely separated
#8
What is the role of ligase in DNA replication?
Unwinding the DNA helix
Joining Okazaki fragments
Synthesizing RNA primers
Adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand
#9
Which of the following models describes the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication?
Each daughter DNA contains one strand from the parent and one new strand
Both strands of daughter DNAs are completely new
Daughter DNAs are identical copies of each other
Each daughter DNA retains both strands from the parent DNA
#10
What is the significance of the '5 prime to 3 prime' direction in DNA synthesis?
DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of a DNA strand
DNA ligase works in the 5' to 3' direction
Nucleotides are removed from the 5' end during replication
RNA primers are added at the 3' end
#11
Which of the following statements correctly describes the 'Central Dogma' of molecular biology?
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
RNA -> DNA -> Protein
Protein -> RNA -> DNA
DNA -> Protein -> RNA
#12
In eukaryotic cells, where does transcription take place?
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
Mitochondria
#13
In the context of molecular biology, what function does mRNA serve?
Carrying amino acids to the ribosome
Carrying genetic information from DNA to the ribosome
Catalyzing peptide bond formation
Unwinding the DNA double helix
#14
What is the role of the promoter region in gene expression?
It signals the ribosome to start protein synthesis
It is the site where replication begins
It signals RNA polymerase where to begin transcription
It adds a 5' cap to mRNA molecules
#15
In eukaryotes, which of the following RNA types is involved in splicing?