#1
Which scientist is credited with proposing the theory of natural selection?
Isaac Newton
Charles Darwin
Gregor Mendel
Louis Pasteur
#2
What is the primary driving force behind evolutionary selection?
Random chance
Intelligent design
Survival of the fittest
Climate change
#3
Which type of selection favors extreme phenotypes over the intermediate ones?
Stabilizing selection
Directional selection
Disruptive selection
Balancing selection
#4
What is sexual selection primarily driven by?
Random mating
Natural selection
Mate choice
Environmental factors
#5
What is the founder effect in population genetics?
A sudden decrease in population size
The loss of genetic diversity in a small population
The emergence of a new species
A change in allele frequency due to a small founding population
#6
Which of the following is an example of coevolution?
Predator-prey interactions
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Mutation
#7
What is the significance of the fossil record in studying evolution?
It provides direct observation of ongoing evolution
It reveals the history of life on Earth and the evolution of species
It demonstrates the principles of artificial selection
It showcases the effects of genetic drift
#8
What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?
Homologous structures have similar functions, analogous structures have different functions
Homologous structures have different functions, analogous structures have similar functions
Both have similar functions
Both have different functions
#9
In the context of evolution, what does the term 'fitness' refer to?
Physical strength
Ability to survive and reproduce
Intelligence
Adaptability
#10
What is the role of genetic drift in evolution?
Increases genetic diversity
Decreases genetic diversity
Leads to adaptation
Promotes natural selection
#11
What is the concept of convergent evolution?
Evolutionary changes in a single lineage
Divergence of species in the same environment
Independent evolution of similar traits in different lineages
Evolutionary stasis
#12
What is the Red Queen hypothesis in evolutionary biology?
Species evolve to keep up with a changing environment
Evolution occurs through genetic drift
Genes determine all aspects of evolution
Species evolve in isolation
#13
What is the main difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation?
Geographic isolation in allopatric, no isolation in sympatric
Geographic isolation in sympatric, no isolation in allopatric
Both involve geographic isolation
Neither involves geographic isolation
#14
Which scientist proposed the concept of punctuated equilibrium in evolution?
Charles Darwin
Stephen Jay Gould
Richard Dawkins
Alfred Russel Wallace