#1
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during transcription?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Ligase
Helicase
#2
What is the primary function of mRNA in gene expression?
Transferring amino acids to the ribosome
Carrying genetic information from DNA to ribosomes
Forming peptide bonds between amino acids
Proofreading DNA sequences
#3
What is the function of the TATA box in eukaryotic transcription?
It binds transcription factors
It initiates translation
It stabilizes mRNA
It marks the site of transcription initiation
#4
Which of the following processes involves the addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail to the mRNA molecule?
Transcription
Translation
Post-transcriptional modification
RNA splicing
#5
Which enzyme catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the growing RNA chain during transcription?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Helicase
Topoisomerase
#6
Which of the following is NOT a post-transcriptional modification of mRNA in eukaryotes?
Polyadenylation
Splicing
Capping
Methylation
#7
Which type of RNA serves as an adaptor molecule during translation, bringing amino acids to the ribosome?
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of enhancer regions in eukaryotic transcription?
They are located near the promoter region
They are only active during translation
They can be located far from the promoter region
They are made of coding DNA sequences
#9
Which of the following is NOT a component of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) in eukaryotic transcription?
RNA polymerase
Transcription factors
Promoter
Enhancer
#10
What is the function of a transcription factor in eukaryotic gene expression?
Adds a poly(A) tail to mRNA
Binds to promoter regions to initiate transcription
Carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation
Forms peptide bonds between amino acids
#11
What is the function of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic translation?
Initiating transcription
Initiating translation
Promoting mRNA stability
Aiding in ribosome binding
#12
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary role of RNA interference (RNAi)?
Preventing transcription
Regulating translation
Degrading mRNA
Promoting splicing
#13
What is the function of a transcriptional activator?
Inhibits RNA polymerase activity
Enhances RNA polymerase activity
Terminates transcription
Proofreads mRNA
#14
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the lac operon in E. coli?
It is constitutively expressed
It is induced in the presence of lactose
It is repressed in the absence of lactose
It is regulated by an activator protein