#1
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during transcription?
Helicase
ExplanationHelicase unwinds the DNA double helix during transcription.
#2
What is the primary function of mRNA in gene expression?
Carrying genetic information from DNA to ribosomes
ExplanationmRNA carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes in gene expression.
#3
What is the function of the TATA box in eukaryotic transcription?
It marks the site of transcription initiation
ExplanationThe TATA box in eukaryotic transcription marks the site of transcription initiation.
#4
Which of the following processes involves the addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail to the mRNA molecule?
Post-transcriptional modification
ExplanationThe addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail to the mRNA molecule is a post-transcriptional modification process.
#5
Which enzyme catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the growing RNA chain during transcription?
RNA polymerase
ExplanationRNA polymerase catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the growing RNA chain during transcription.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a post-transcriptional modification of mRNA in eukaryotes?
Methylation
ExplanationMethylation is not a post-transcriptional modification of mRNA in eukaryotes.
#7
Which type of RNA serves as an adaptor molecule during translation, bringing amino acids to the ribosome?
tRNA
ExplanationtRNA serves as an adaptor molecule during translation, bringing amino acids to the ribosome.
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of enhancer regions in eukaryotic transcription?
They can be located far from the promoter region
ExplanationEnhancer regions in eukaryotic transcription can be located far from the promoter region.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a component of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) in eukaryotic transcription?
Enhancer
ExplanationEnhancer is not a component of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) in eukaryotic transcription.
#10
What is the function of a transcription factor in eukaryotic gene expression?
Binds to promoter regions to initiate transcription
ExplanationA transcription factor in eukaryotic gene expression binds to promoter regions to initiate transcription.
#11
What is the function of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic translation?
Aiding in ribosome binding
ExplanationThe Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic translation aids in ribosome binding.
#12
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary role of RNA interference (RNAi)?
Degrading mRNA
ExplanationThe primary role of RNA interference (RNAi) in eukaryotic cells is degrading mRNA.
#13
What is the function of a transcriptional activator?
Enhances RNA polymerase activity
ExplanationA transcriptional activator enhances RNA polymerase activity.
#14
Which of the following accurately describes the function of the lac operon in E. coli?
It is induced in the presence of lactose
ExplanationThe lac operon in E. coli is induced in the presence of lactose.