#1
Which of the following best describes positive reinforcement?
Adding a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Removing a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Adding a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
Removing a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
#2
Which reinforcement schedule involves reinforcing a behavior after a fixed number of responses?
Fixed Interval
Variable Interval
Fixed Ratio
Variable Ratio
#3
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
Jean Piaget
#4
In reinforcement, what is a primary reinforcer?
A reinforcer that naturally satisfies a biological need
A reinforcer that is learned through association with other reinforcers
A reinforcer that is consistently given for every occurrence of a behavior
A reinforcer that is given only occasionally for a behavior
#5
What is an example of positive punishment?
Adding a reward to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Adding an unpleasant consequence to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
Removing an unpleasant consequence to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Removing a reward to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
#6
In operant conditioning, what is negative reinforcement?
Adding a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
Removing a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Adding a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Removing a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
#7
What is extinction in the context of reinforcement?
When a behavior decreases because it is no longer reinforced
When a behavior increases because it is reinforced intermittently
When a behavior is reinforced consistently
When a behavior is always punished
#8
Which reinforcement schedule results in the highest rate of response?
Fixed Interval
Variable Interval
Fixed Ratio
Variable Ratio
#9
What is the term for when a previously reinforced behavior decreases in frequency because it is no longer reinforced?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
#10
What is the term for when a behavior is likely to occur in the presence of a particular stimulus?
Discrimination
Generalization
Extinction
Spontaneous recovery
#11
What is the concept of shaping in reinforcement?
Gradually molding or training an organism to perform a specific behavior
Reinforcing a behavior only sometimes
Using punishment to decrease a behavior
Providing reinforcement immediately after a behavior occurs
#12
In the context of reinforcement, what is a conditioned reinforcer?
A reinforcer that naturally satisfies a biological need
A previously neutral stimulus that becomes reinforcing through association with other reinforcers
A reinforcer that is consistently given for every occurrence of a behavior
A reinforcer that is given only occasionally for a behavior
#13
What is the term for when a previously extinguished behavior reappears after a period of time?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
#14
What is the term for the tendency of a learned behavior to recover from extinction after a rest period?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
#15
In the context of reinforcement, what is a secondary reinforcer?
A reinforcer that naturally satisfies a biological need
A previously neutral stimulus that becomes reinforcing through association with other reinforcers
A reinforcer that is consistently given for every occurrence of a behavior
A reinforcer that is given only occasionally for a behavior