#1
Which term refers to the mental processes that people use to make sense of the social world around them?
Cognition
Behavior
Emotion
Conformity
#2
In social psychology, what does the term 'in-group bias' refer to?
Favoring one's own group over other groups
Equal treatment of all groups
Avoiding group affiliations
Ignoring social norms
#3
What is the primary focus of social identity theory?
Individual personality traits
Social categorization and identification with groups
Cognitive dissonance
Observational learning
#4
What is the central concept in social cognitive theory, proposed by Albert Bandura?
Collective unconscious
Observational learning
Operant conditioning
Social facilitation
#5
What is the term for the tendency to attribute the cause of one's own behavior to internal factors and the behavior of others to external factors?
Self-serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
Recency effect
Confirmation bias
#6
What is the term for the tendency to attribute positive actions and success to one's own character, but attribute negative actions and failures to external factors?
Confirmation bias
Self-serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
Cognitive dissonance
#7
In social psychology, what does the term 'groupthink' refer to?
A group's tendency to make decisions based on consensus rather than critical thinking
A group's ability to think creatively and generate new ideas
The influence of a minority within a group
Individual decision-making without group input
#8
Which term describes the discomfort or tension that arises when a person holds conflicting beliefs or attitudes?
Confirmation bias
Cognitive dissonance
Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias
#9
What is the bystander effect in social psychology?
The tendency for people to help others in an emergency situation
The reluctance of people to help a person in need when others are present
The influence of bystanders on group decisions
The impact of social norms on individual behavior
#10
According to the mere exposure effect, what tends to increase liking for a person or thing?
Positive reinforcement
Repeated exposure
Direct confrontation
Selective attention
#11
Which term refers to the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help in an emergency situation when others are present?
Altruism
Bystander effect
Social loafing
Reciprocity norm
#12
Which psychological concept involves attributing human characteristics to inanimate objects or animals?
Anthropomorphism
Cognitive dissonance
Social facilitation
Reciprocity norm
#13
What does the term 'conformity' refer to in the context of social psychology?
Maintaining one's original beliefs despite group influence
Changing one's behavior or beliefs to match those of others
Creating social norms within a group
Expressing individuality within a group
#14
In social psychology, what does the term 'ingroup' refer to?
A group of people with similar interests
A group to which an individual does not belong
A group to which an individual belongs
A group characterized by conflict
#15
According to the concept of the self-serving bias, how do individuals typically interpret their own achievements and failures?
Attribute achievements to external factors and failures to internal factors
Attribute both achievements and failures to internal factors
Attribute achievements to internal factors and failures to external factors
Attribute both achievements and failures to external factors
#16
Which social cognitive theory emphasizes observational learning and modeling as key factors in behavior development?
Social exchange theory
Social identity theory
Social learning theory
Social influence theory
#17
What is the term for the mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that people use to make judgments and decisions quickly?
Heuristics
Schemas
Algorithms
Cognitive dissonance
#18
According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, what is the primary challenge during adolescence?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Integrity vs. Despair
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Generativity vs. Stagnation
#19
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own successes to internal factors and failures to external factors?
Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias
Confirmation bias
Recency effect
#20
According to the social exchange theory, what is the central idea behind social interactions?
Maximizing rewards and minimizing costs
Altruistic behavior
Conformity to group norms
Collective identity
#21
What is the term for a shared understanding and knowledge about the typical characteristics of members of a particular social group?
Heuristics
Stereotypes
Prejudice
Confirmation bias
#22
According to the frustration-aggression hypothesis, what is the relationship between frustration and aggression?
Frustration always leads to aggression
Aggression always leads to frustration
Frustration can lead to aggression
Aggression can lead to frustration
#23
In the context of social behavior, what is 'deindividuation'?
Increased self-awareness in a group setting
Reduced self-awareness and individuality in a group setting
Promoting individualism within a group
Conforming to group norms
#24
What is the term for the tendency to favor information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or values?
Confirmation bias
Cognitive dissonance
Recency effect
Self-serving bias
#25
According to the social exchange theory, what is the key determinant of whether individuals engage in a social exchange?
Altruism
Reciprocity
Collectivism
Personal gain or loss