#1
Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable?
Gender
Time spent studying
Test scores
Age
#2
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To ensure that all participants are treated equally
To provide a comparison for the experimental group
To manipulate the independent variable
To ensure the reliability of the results
#3
What is the purpose of random assignment in an experiment?
To ensure that participants are similar in all aspects
To minimize the effects of confounding variables
To provide a control group for comparison
To manipulate the independent variable
#4
What is the purpose of debriefing in psychological research?
To ensure participants fully understand the experimental procedures
To deceive participants about the true purpose of the study
To provide participants with feedback on their performance
To inform participants about the potential risks and benefits of participation
#5
In an experimental study, what is the purpose of counterbalancing?
To ensure that all participants are similar in all aspects
To minimize the effects of order effects
To provide a control group for comparison
To manipulate the independent variable
#6
What is the central idea behind social facilitation?
People perform better on simple tasks in the presence of others
People perform better on complex tasks in the presence of others
People perform worse on simple tasks in the presence of others
People perform worse on complex tasks in the presence of others
#7
In social psychology, what is the 'fundamental attribution error'?
Attributing others' behavior to situational factors rather than dispositional factors
Attributing others' behavior to dispositional factors rather than situational factors
Attributing one's own behavior to situational factors rather than dispositional factors
Attributing one's own behavior to dispositional factors rather than situational factors
#8
What does the 'hawthorne effect' refer to in experimental psychology?
Participants alter their behavior due to being observed
Participants alter their behavior due to expectations of the experimenters
Participants alter their behavior due to the environment of the experiment
Participants alter their behavior due to social pressure
#9
Which term refers to the tendency to prefer information that confirms our preexisting beliefs?
Confirmation bias
Cognitive dissonance
Stereotyping
Self-serving bias
#10
What is the difference between obedience and conformity?
Obedience is compliance with authority, while conformity is compliance with group norms
Obedience involves changing behavior in response to direct orders, while conformity involves changing behavior to fit in with a group
Obedience is voluntary, while conformity is involuntary
Obedience occurs in private settings, while conformity occurs in public settings
#11
Which research method is often used to establish causality in psychology?
Correlational studies
Case studies
Experimental studies
Observational studies
#12
In social psychology, what is the term for the phenomenon where individuals put forth less effort in a group setting compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
Groupthink
Deindividuation
Group polarization
#13
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals exert more effort in a group setting compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
Deindividuation
Social facilitation
Groupthink
#14
What is the term for the phenomenon where the presence of others reduces an individual's effort on a task due to diffusion of responsibility?
Group polarization
Social loafing
Deindividuation
Groupthink
#15
What is the term for the tendency of group members to intensify their preexisting views through discussion?
Social loafing
Deindividuation
Group polarization
Groupthink