#1
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the influence of unconscious desires and conflicts on behavior?
Behavioral perspective
Cognitive perspective
Humanistic perspective
Psychoanalytic perspective
#2
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of internal thoughts and mental processes in shaping behavior?
Behavioral perspective
Cognitive perspective
Humanistic perspective
Biological perspective
#3
Which psychological perspective focuses on the individual's capacity for growth, free will, and self-actualization?
Behavioral perspective
Cognitive perspective
Humanistic perspective
Evolutionary perspective
#4
Which psychological perspective focuses on the interplay between environmental influences and individual differences in shaping behavior?
Behavioral perspective
Cognitive perspective
Social-cultural perspective
Evolutionary perspective
#5
The belief that one's efforts will lead to positive outcomes is known as:
Self-efficacy
Self-determination
Self-regulation
Self-esteem
#6
Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals are driven by a hierarchy of needs, with basic physiological needs taking precedence over higher-level psychological needs?
Self-determination theory
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Drive reduction theory
Expectancy theory
#7
According to the concept of learned helplessness, individuals may stop trying to escape from unpleasant situations if they believe:
They lack the necessary skills to escape.
The situation is beyond their control.
They are inherently incapable of change.
Their efforts will be rewarded.
#8
The belief that one's own actions and decisions directly influence the outcomes they experience is known as:
Self-efficacy
Internal locus of control
External locus of control
Cognitive dissonance
#9
In the context of psychological control, what does the term 'perceived control' refer to?
The actual ability to control external events
The belief that one can control their environment
The influence of social norms on behavior
The effectiveness of coping strategies
#10
Which psychological theory suggests that individuals strive to maintain a sense of consistency between their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors?
Social learning theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
Self-determination theory
Drive reduction theory
#11
The tendency to attribute the cause of events to factors within one's control or influence is known as:
Self-attribution bias
Fundamental attribution error
Internal locus of control
External locus of control
#12
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an individual with an external locus of control?
Tendency to take responsibility for outcomes
Belief that luck or chance determines outcomes
Less likely to persist in the face of obstacles
Greater susceptibility to learned helplessness
#13
According to the concept of self-determination theory, which of the following is NOT considered a basic psychological need?
Autonomy
Competence
Control
Relatedness
#14
According to the biopsychosocial model, psychological control can be influenced by factors related to which of the following domains?
Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
Cognitive, emotional, and social factors
Personality, intelligence, and genetics
Family dynamics, peer relationships, and societal norms