#1
Which of the following best describes 'group cohesion'?
The process of group disbandment
The extent to which group members are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group
The leadership style adopted by the group leader
The physical distance between group members
#2
What does the term 'ingroup bias' refer to?
A bias towards the group one is a member of, often resulting in favoritism
A cognitive bias that affects decision-making in groups
A bias in favor of groups one is not a member of
The tendency of groups to disband due to internal conflicts
#3
What is the main difference between a 'formal group' and an 'informal group'?
The size of the group
The purpose of the group
The level of emotional connection between group members
The way the group is structured and its objectives
#4
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective group communication?
Openness and honesty among members
High levels of group cohesion
Frequent use of jargon and technical language
Active listening and feedback
#5
What is the primary goal of 'brainstorming' in a group setting?
To make a final decision on a problem
To generate as many ideas as possible without criticism
To evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each group member
To assign specific roles to each group member
#6
What is the primary function of 'norms' within a group?
To provide a set of formal rules that must be followed
To guide and control the behavior of group members
To establish a hierarchy within the group
To determine the group's objectives
#7
What does the concept of 'social facilitation' suggest?
Individuals perform worse in the presence of others
Individuals perform better when alone
Individuals perform better in the presence of others
Social norms have no effect on individual performance
#8
What is 'social loafing'?
Increased effort by individuals when working in a group
Equal contribution by all group members
The phenomenon where individuals exert less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when they work alone
The process of assigning different tasks to different group members
#9
Which theory explains the influence of group pressure on an individual's behavior?
Cognitive dissonance theory
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Social identity theory
Conformity theory
#10
What is the primary focus of 'transactional analysis' in group dynamics?
The analysis of transactions or communication between group members
The financial transactions within a group
The hierarchical structure of groups
The analysis of group leadership styles
#11
Which concept explains why individuals in a group may be hesitant to express a dissenting opinion?
Group cohesion
Social loafing
Groupthink
Social facilitation
#12
According to Tuckman's stages of group development, what is the final stage?
Forming
Storming
Performing
Adjourning
#13
Which role in a group is primarily focused on supporting the emotional needs of group members?
Task leader
Socio-emotional leader
Information provider
Critique
#14
Which factor is considered most influential in determining an individual's status within a group?
The individual's age
The individual's contribution to group goals
The individual's personality
The individual's educational background
#15
In the context of group dynamics, what does 'group polarization' refer to?
The division of a group into subgroups based on differing opinions
The process by which the presence of others enhances performance on easy tasks
The tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members
The strategy used by groups to make decisions quickly
#16
What role does the 'norm setter' play in a group?
Ensuring the group's tasks are completed on time
Setting and enforcing the standards of behavior for the group
Mediating disputes between group members
Offering new ideas and solutions to the group's problems
#17
Which of the following best describes 'role conflict' within a group?
Disagreement among group members about the group's objectives
A situation where an individual perceives a discrepancy between the expectations of two or more roles that they are required to play
Conflict that arises due to the differing social backgrounds of group members
A situation where two or more group members wish to assume the same role
#18
In the context of group decision-making, what is 'the risky shift phenomenon'?
The tendency for groups to make safer decisions than individuals
The shift towards riskier decisions when made in a group versus individually
The change in group decision-making strategies over time
The reluctance to shift from initial decision despite risks
#19
What is the primary purpose of 'deindividuation' in group dynamics?
Enhancing the individuality of group members
Reducing the sense of individual identity, leading to disinhibited behavior
Increasing individual responsibility for group actions
Strengthening the cohesiveness of the group
#20
What is meant by 'collective intelligence' in the context of group dynamics?
The sum of all individual IQ scores in a group
A group's shared knowledge and information
The capability of a group to solve more complex problems than its individual members
The average intelligence level of the group members