#1
Which of the following best describes 'group cohesion'?
The extent to which group members are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group
ExplanationGroup cohesion refers to the level of attraction and motivation among group members to stay together.
#2
What does the term 'ingroup bias' refer to?
A bias towards the group one is a member of, often resulting in favoritism
ExplanationIngroup bias is the tendency to favor and give preferential treatment to members of one's own group.
#3
What is the main difference between a 'formal group' and an 'informal group'?
The way the group is structured and its objectives
ExplanationFormal groups are structured with defined objectives, while informal groups emerge spontaneously without predefined structures or goals.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective group communication?
Frequent use of jargon and technical language
ExplanationEffective group communication avoids excessive jargon and technical language to ensure clarity and understanding.
#5
What is the primary goal of 'brainstorming' in a group setting?
To generate as many ideas as possible without criticism
ExplanationBrainstorming aims to encourage the free flow of ideas without criticism to generate a wide range of potential solutions.
#6
What is the primary function of 'norms' within a group?
To guide and control the behavior of group members
ExplanationNorms serve to guide and regulate the behavior of group members, establishing standards for acceptable conduct.
#7
What does the concept of 'social facilitation' suggest?
Individuals perform better in the presence of others
ExplanationSocial facilitation suggests that individuals tend to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when in the presence of others.
#8
What is 'social loafing'?
The phenomenon where individuals exert less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when they work alone
ExplanationSocial loafing occurs when individuals exert less effort in group settings compared to when they work individually.
#9
Which theory explains the influence of group pressure on an individual's behavior?
Conformity theory
ExplanationConformity theory explains how individuals adjust their behavior to match the group's norms and expectations.
#10
What is the primary focus of 'transactional analysis' in group dynamics?
The analysis of transactions or communication between group members
ExplanationTransactional analysis focuses on analyzing the communication and interactions between group members.
#11
Which concept explains why individuals in a group may be hesitant to express a dissenting opinion?
Groupthink
ExplanationGroupthink explains the tendency of group members to prioritize harmony and consensus over critical evaluation, often leading to conformity and suppression of dissent.
#12
According to Tuckman's stages of group development, what is the final stage?
Adjourning
ExplanationThe final stage of Tuckman's model is adjourning, where the group dissolves after achieving its goals.
#13
Which role in a group is primarily focused on supporting the emotional needs of group members?
Socio-emotional leader
ExplanationThe socio-emotional leader primarily focuses on addressing the emotional needs and well-being of group members.
#14
Which factor is considered most influential in determining an individual's status within a group?
The individual's contribution to group goals
ExplanationAn individual's status within a group is primarily influenced by their contributions towards achieving group objectives.
#15
In the context of group dynamics, what does 'group polarization' refer to?
The tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members
ExplanationGroup polarization is the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their members.
#16
What role does the 'norm setter' play in a group?
Setting and enforcing the standards of behavior for the group
ExplanationThe norm setter establishes and enforces the behavioral standards within the group.
#17
Which of the following best describes 'role conflict' within a group?
A situation where an individual perceives a discrepancy between the expectations of two or more roles that they are required to play
ExplanationRole conflict occurs when individuals face conflicting expectations from different roles they hold within a group.
#18
In the context of group decision-making, what is 'the risky shift phenomenon'?
The shift towards riskier decisions when made in a group versus individually
ExplanationThe risky shift phenomenon refers to the tendency for groups to make riskier decisions than individuals would make alone.
#19
What is the primary purpose of 'deindividuation' in group dynamics?
Reducing the sense of individual identity, leading to disinhibited behavior
ExplanationDeindividuation reduces individual identity and self-awareness, leading to disinhibited behavior and increased conformity to group norms.
#20
What is meant by 'collective intelligence' in the context of group dynamics?
The capability of a group to solve more complex problems than its individual members
ExplanationCollective intelligence refers to a group's ability to solve complex problems and make wise decisions that surpass the capabilities of individual members.