#1
Which of the following is a component of self-concept according to Carl Rogers?
Ideal self
Shadow self
Anima
Persona
#2
According to Freud, which part of the mind operates on the pleasure principle?
Ego
Superego
Id
Conscious mind
#3
Which psychologist proposed the theory of psychosocial development?
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow
B.F. Skinner
#4
Self-actualization is a concept most closely associated with which psychologist?
Carl Rogers
Albert Bandura
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson
#5
Which of the following is a criticism of trait theory?
It fails to account for the influence of situational factors on behavior
It lacks empirical evidence to support its claims
It is overly deterministic and ignores the role of free will
It focuses too much on unconscious conflicts
#6
Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and conflicts?
Humanistic theory
Trait theory
Behavioral theory
Psychoanalytic theory
#7
The 'Big Five' personality traits include all of the following except:
Conscientiousness
Neuroticism
Machiavellianism
Extraversion
#8
According to the social cognitive theory, what is reciprocal determinism?
The idea that behavior, environment, and person factors all influence each other
The process of conditioning behavior through reinforcement
The tendency for individuals to seek consistency in their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
The unconscious defense mechanism used to protect the ego
#9
Who introduced the concept of the 'inferiority complex'?
Alfred Adler
Karen Horney
Erik Erikson
Abraham Maslow
#10
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs must be met first?
Esteem needs
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
Self-actualization needs
#11
Which of the following is NOT a defense mechanism identified by Freud?
Repression
Rationalization
Projection
Accommodation
#12
Which type of personality assessment involves interpreting ambiguous stimuli?
Objective personality test
Behavioral assessment
Projective personality test
Trait assessment
#13
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development?
Integrity vs. Despair
Industry vs. Inferiority
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Autonomy vs. Attachment
#14
Which psychologist proposed the concept of 'learned helplessness'?
Martin Seligman
Aaron Beck
Carl Jung
Karen Horney
#15
Which psychological concept refers to the tendency to attribute one's own thoughts and feelings to others?
Projection
Displacement
Reaction formation
Introjection