#1
Which theory of motivation proposes that people are motivated by a hierarchy of needs?
Drive Reduction Theory
Expectancy Theory
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Two-Factor Theory
#2
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs must be met first before a person can progress to higher-level needs?
Self-actualization needs
Safety needs
Belongingness and love needs
Esteem needs
#3
What is the primary difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation comes from within the individual, while extrinsic motivation comes from external rewards or punishments
Extrinsic motivation is more powerful than intrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation is only related to psychological needs, while extrinsic motivation is related to physical needs
Extrinsic motivation is always more effective in achieving goals
#4
What is the concept of 'flow' as proposed by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi?
A state of complete emotional detachment
A state of optimal experience and engagement
A state of extreme stress and anxiety
A state of boredom and apathy
#5
What is the role of the hypothalamus in regulating motivation and emotion?
It controls the release of neurotransmitters involved in reward and pleasure
It interprets emotional signals from the environment
It regulates physiological processes related to hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior
It coordinates the autonomic nervous system's response to stress
#6
What is the 'self-concept' in the context of motivation and emotion?
A person's understanding of their own emotions
A person's perception of their own abilities and characteristics
A person's awareness of their physiological needs
A person's emotional response to self-evaluation
#7
According to the Yerkes-Dodson Law, what is the relationship between arousal and performance?
As arousal increases, performance decreases
As arousal decreases, performance increases
As arousal increases, performance increases, up to a point, then decreases
There is no relationship between arousal and performance
#8
Which of the following is NOT a component of Daniel Goleman's model of emotional intelligence?
Self-awareness
Self-regulation
Empathy
Creativity
#9
Which of the following is a criticism of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory?
It applies universally to all cultures
It lacks empirical support
It overemphasizes the importance of physiological needs
It doesn't account for individual differences in motivation
#10
What does the term 'emotional contagion' refer to?
The tendency for emotions to be influenced by the facial expressions of others
The spreading of emotions from one person to another
The unconscious suppression of emotions
The inability to recognize one's own emotions
#11
Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously and independently?
James-Lange Theory
Cannon-Bard Theory
Two-Factor Theory
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
#12
What is the primary difference between motivation and emotion?
Motivation is the driving force behind behavior, while emotion is the feeling that accompanies behavior
Motivation refers to external factors, while emotion refers to internal factors
Motivation is only related to biological needs, while emotion is related to social needs
Motivation and emotion are synonymous and can be used interchangeably
#13
According to the Drive Reduction Theory, what motivates behavior?
Internal drives
External rewards
Punishments
Observational learning
#14
Which theory suggests that emotions are the result of the interpretation of physiological arousal and situational cues?
James-Lange Theory
Cannon-Bard Theory
Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
#15
According to the Self-Determination Theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Autonomy, mastery, and relatedness
Security, achievement, and affiliation
Esteem, love, and safety
Power, control, and belonging
#16
According to the arousal theory of motivation, what level of arousal is considered optimal for performance?
Low arousal
Moderate arousal
High arousal
Arousal does not impact performance
#17
According to the arousal-bias theory of motivation, what role does arousal play in decision-making?
High arousal leads to more rational decision-making
Low arousal leads to more impulsive decision-making
Arousal has no effect on decision-making
Arousal increases the likelihood of risk-taking behavior
#18
According to the 'Opponent-Process Theory' of emotion, what happens to emotions over time when experiencing a stimulus?
Emotions intensify and become more extreme
Emotions remain constant
Emotions diminish and opposite emotions may emerge
Emotions become more predictable and controllable