#1
Which theory of motivation proposes that people are motivated by a hierarchy of needs?
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
ExplanationMotivation is driven by fulfilling needs in a hierarchical order.
#2
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs must be met first before a person can progress to higher-level needs?
Safety needs
ExplanationSafety needs must be fulfilled before advancing to higher needs.
#3
What is the primary difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation comes from within the individual, while extrinsic motivation comes from external rewards or punishments
ExplanationIntrinsic motivation originates internally, while extrinsic motivation stems from external factors.
#4
What is the concept of 'flow' as proposed by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi?
A state of optimal experience and engagement
ExplanationFlow is a state of complete absorption and enjoyment in an activity.
#5
What is the role of the hypothalamus in regulating motivation and emotion?
It regulates physiological processes related to hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior
ExplanationThe hypothalamus controls basic physiological functions related to motivation and emotion.
#6
What is the 'self-concept' in the context of motivation and emotion?
A person's perception of their own abilities and characteristics
ExplanationSelf-concept is an individual's understanding of their abilities and traits.
#7
According to the Yerkes-Dodson Law, what is the relationship between arousal and performance?
As arousal increases, performance increases, up to a point, then decreases
ExplanationPerformance initially improves with arousal but declines beyond an optimal level.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a component of Daniel Goleman's model of emotional intelligence?
Creativity
ExplanationCreativity is not explicitly included as a component of emotional intelligence.
#9
Which of the following is a criticism of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory?
It lacks empirical support
ExplanationCritics argue that Maslow's theory lacks sufficient empirical evidence.
#10
What does the term 'emotional contagion' refer to?
The spreading of emotions from one person to another
ExplanationEmotional contagion describes the transfer of emotions between individuals.
#11
Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously and independently?
Cannon-Bard Theory
ExplanationPhysiological arousal and emotional experience happen concurrently and separately.
#12
What is the primary difference between motivation and emotion?
Motivation is the driving force behind behavior, while emotion is the feeling that accompanies behavior
ExplanationMotivation propels behavior, while emotion is the feeling associated with it.
#13
According to the Drive Reduction Theory, what motivates behavior?
Internal drives
ExplanationBehavior is motivated by the need to reduce internal drives like hunger or thirst.
#14
Which theory suggests that emotions are the result of the interpretation of physiological arousal and situational cues?
Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory
ExplanationEmotions result from the interpretation of physiological arousal and situational cues.
#15
According to the Self-Determination Theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Autonomy, mastery, and relatedness
ExplanationHuman behavior is driven by the need for autonomy, mastery, and relatedness.
#16
According to the arousal theory of motivation, what level of arousal is considered optimal for performance?
Moderate arousal
ExplanationModerate arousal is optimal for performance according to arousal theory.
#17
According to the arousal-bias theory of motivation, what role does arousal play in decision-making?
Arousal increases the likelihood of risk-taking behavior
ExplanationIncreased arousal tends to lead to more risk-taking behavior.
#18
According to the 'Opponent-Process Theory' of emotion, what happens to emotions over time when experiencing a stimulus?
Emotions diminish and opposite emotions may emerge
ExplanationEmotions weaken over time, and opposing emotions may arise.