#1
Which term refers to the phenomenon where people tend to conform to the group's opinion or behavior to fit in?
Social loafing
Social facilitation
Groupthink
Obedience
#2
What term describes the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively toward a common goal than when individually accountable?
Group polarization
Social facilitation
Social loafing
Groupthink
#3
Which term refers to the tendency for people to be more likely to comply with a request after they have first agreed to a smaller request?
Foot-in-the-door technique
Door-in-the-face technique
Low-ball technique
Norm of reciprocity
#4
According to social identity theory, what is a critical factor in determining group membership?
Shared goals
Similar beliefs
Common ethnicity
Distinctiveness from other groups
#5
What does the term 'compliance' mean in the context of social influence?
Changing one's behavior or attitude in response to a direct request from another person
Conforming to group norms without consciously realizing it
Actively resisting social influence
Expressing dissent within a group
#6
In the context of social influence, what does the term 'normative social influence' refer to?
Influence based on the desire to be correct
Influence based on the desire to gain social approval or avoid social disapproval
Influence based on authority
Influence based on competition
#7
Who conducted the famous 'obedience to authority' experiments, where participants were instructed to administer electric shocks to others?
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
Stanley Milgram
John Darley
#8
Which theory posits that people are motivated to reduce discomfort and inconsistency in their thoughts and behaviors?
Social identity theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
Social exchange theory
Social cognitive theory
#9
In the Asch conformity experiments, participants were asked to match the length of lines. What was the primary finding regarding conformity?
Participants conformed to the incorrect group answer in the majority of trials.
Participants rarely conformed, sticking to their own judgments.
Participants conformed only when the task was difficult.
Participants conformed more when the group size was smaller.
#10
In the context of social influence, what does the term 'reactance' refer to?
The tendency to conform to group norms
The negative emotional response to perceived threats to one's freedom of choice
The tendency to resist social facilitation
The influence of authority figures on behavior
#11
Who proposed the social identity theory, which focuses on the psychological and social bases of group behavior?
Leon Festinger
Philip Zimbardo
Henri Tajfel
Stanley Milgram
#12
Which factor is NOT a component of the 'source' in the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) of persuasion?
Credibility
Attractiveness
Expertise
Need for cognition
#13
In the context of social influence, what does the 'boomerang effect' refer to?
The tendency for an initial persuasion attempt to create resistance and lead to the opposite behavior
The positive impact of a persuasive message
The influence of mass media on public opinion
The enhancement of group performance due to social pressure
#14
Which term refers to a change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure?
Social facilitation
Social identity
Social influence
Social cognition
#15
What is the 'door-in-the-face' technique commonly used in persuasion?
Making a small request first and following it with a larger request
Presenting an extreme request first and then making a smaller, more reasonable request
Using celebrities to endorse a product
Emphasizing the scarcity of a product
#16
What is the central route to persuasion in the elaboration likelihood model (ELM)?
When individuals are influenced by superficial cues
When individuals are motivated and able to process information systematically
When individuals are influenced by emotional appeals
When individuals are not actively engaged in the persuasion attempt
#17
Which term describes the tendency for individuals to work harder when in the presence of others, particularly when their individual efforts can be evaluated?
Social loafing
Social facilitation
Groupthink
Deindividuation