#1
Which psychological process involves changing one's behavior or beliefs to match those of others?
Social facilitation
Social loafing
Conformity
Obedience
#2
What is the name of the phenomenon where individuals in a group tend to exert less effort when working collectively compared to when working individually?
Social facilitation
Group polarization
Deindividuation
Social loafing
#3
In social psychology, what does the term 'ingroup' refer to?
A group to which an individual belongs and identifies with
A group to which an individual does not belong
A group with whom an individual competes
A group with whom an individual shares similar interests
#4
Who conducted the famous obedience experiments in the 1960s, demonstrating the willingness of participants to obey authority figures even when it involved harming others?
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
Leon Festinger
#5
In Asch's conformity experiments, participants were asked to do what?
Obey authority figures
Estimate the length of lines
Shock a learner for incorrect answers
Choose the correct line from a set
#6
What is the central idea behind cognitive dissonance theory?
People tend to conform to group norms
People seek consistency between their beliefs and actions
People are more likely to obey authority figures
People exert less effort in a group setting
#7
Which concept refers to the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external factors while attributing others' actions to internal factors?
Fundamental attribution error
Actor-observer bias
Self-serving bias
Confirmation bias
#8
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences conformity?
Group size
Social support
Cultural norms
Physical attractiveness
#9
Which theory suggests that people are motivated to maintain a favorable self-concept and will seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs and attitudes?
Elaboration likelihood model
Cognitive dissonance theory
Self-perception theory
Confirmation bias theory
#10
Which phenomenon involves a decrease in the perceived responsibility of individuals in a group setting, leading to a reduced likelihood of intervention in emergencies?
Bystander effect
Deindividuation
Social loafing
Diffusion of responsibility
#11
What does the bystander effect refer to?
The tendency for people to exert less effort in a group
The increased likelihood of helping others in the presence of few or no other bystanders
The tendency for group members to make more extreme decisions than individuals
The tendency to conform to group decisions despite personal beliefs
#12
Who proposed the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion?
Leon Festinger
Albert Bandura
Robert Cialdini
Richard Petty and John Cacioppo
#13
According to the social identity theory, what is a key factor influencing intergroup behavior?
Individual personality traits
Perceived similarity with others
Personal experiences
Identification with a social group
#14
According to social identity theory, what is one strategy individuals may use to enhance their self-esteem?
Minimizing differences between the ingroup and outgroup
Maximizing differences between the ingroup and outgroup
Ignoring the existence of outgroups
Avoiding ingroup members
#15
Who proposed the theory of planned behavior, which suggests that behavior is influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control?
Albert Bandura
Leon Festinger
Icek Ajzen and Martin Fishbein
Robert Cialdini
#16
Who proposed the self-perception theory, suggesting that individuals come to understand their attitudes and beliefs by observing their own behavior?
Leon Festinger
Solomon Asch
Albert Bandura
Daryl Bem