#1
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences in shaping behavior?
Behavioral perspective
Humanistic perspective
Cognitive perspective
Psychodynamic perspective
#2
Which neurotransmitter is often implicated in mood disorders such as depression?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Norepinephrine
#3
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Excessive worry
Restlessness
Hallucinations
Muscle tension
#4
Which therapy approach focuses on changing irrational or maladaptive thought patterns and beliefs?
Behavioral therapy
Psychoanalytic therapy
Cognitive therapy
Humanistic therapy
#5
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of schizophrenia?
Delusions
Hallucinations
Extreme mood swings
Disorganized speech
#6
Which neurotransmitter is associated with reward and pleasure, and is often implicated in addiction?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Glutamate
GABA
#7
According to the cognitive perspective, abnormal behavior may result from:
Unconscious conflicts
Faulty thinking patterns
Conditioning and learning
Biological factors
#8
The diathesis-stress model suggests that psychological disorders develop as a result of:
A combination of genetic vulnerability and life stressors
A chemical imbalance in the brain
Poor coping skills
Traumatic experiences in childhood
#9
According to the sociocultural perspective, which of the following factors may contribute to abnormal behavior?
Genetic predisposition
Family dynamics
Brain chemistry
Cognitive distortions
#10
The biopsychosocial model of abnormal behavior emphasizes the interaction between which three factors?
Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
Genetic, environmental, and cognitive factors
Social, emotional, and cognitive factors
Behavioral, cognitive, and biological factors
#11
What is the primary goal of exposure therapy?
To uncover unconscious conflicts
To provide insight into one's behavior
To gradually confront fear or anxiety-provoking stimuli
To challenge irrational thoughts
#12
What is the main difference between panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder?
Panic disorder involves sudden, intense episodes of fear, while GAD involves chronic, excessive worry.
GAD is characterized by panic attacks, while panic disorder involves persistent worry.
Panic disorder involves specific phobias, while GAD involves social anxiety.
GAD is characterized by hallucinations, while panic disorder involves delusions.
#13
The behavioral perspective suggests that abnormal behavior is primarily learned through processes such as:
Observational learning and modeling
Unconscious conflicts and defense mechanisms
Cognitive distortions and biases
Neurotransmitter imbalances
#14
What does the term 'comorbidity' refer to in psychology?
The co-occurrence of two or more psychological disorders in the same individual
The simultaneous presence of physical and psychological symptoms
The tendency of psychological disorders to run in families
The process of diagnosing a psychological disorder
#15
According to the psychoanalytic perspective, what is the role of the id?
To satisfy basic desires and drives
To mediate between the superego and ego
To ensure moral and ethical behavior
To regulate unconscious conflicts
#16
Which psychological perspective focuses on the role of societal norms and cultural influences in shaping behavior?
Biological perspective
Sociocultural perspective
Cognitive perspective
Behavioral perspective
#17
According to the humanistic perspective, what is the primary driver of human behavior?
Unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences
Biological instincts and drives
Self-actualization and the pursuit of personal growth
Societal norms and cultural influences