Viral Structure and Composition Quiz
Test your knowledge of virology with questions on viral envelopes, capsids, genomes, and more. Challenge yourself now!
#1
What is the primary function of the viral capsid?
Facilitate viral entry into the host cell
Protect the viral genetic material
Facilitate viral replication
Regulate viral gene expression
#2
What is a virion?
A single viral particle outside the host cell
A host cell infected by a virus
A viral protein
A viral enzyme
#3
Which of the following viruses belongs to the retrovirus family?
Influenza virus
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
Herpes simplex virus
Adenovirus
#4
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a viral envelope?
Lipid bilayer derived from the host cell membrane
Rigid protein coat
DNA core
Ribosomal RNA
#5
Which nucleic acids are found in the genomes of viruses?
Only DNA
Only RNA
Both DNA and RNA
Neither DNA nor RNA
#6
What is the primary determinant of a virus's host range?
Viral envelope composition
Viral capsid structure
Host cell receptors
Viral genome size
#7
What is the role of neuraminidase in the influenza virus?
Facilitates viral entry into host cells
Cleaves sialic acid to release virions from host cells
Stimulates host cell apoptosis
Promotes viral genome replication
#8
What is the function of viral spikes (glycoproteins) on the viral envelope?
Regulate viral gene expression
Facilitate attachment to host cells
Protect the viral genetic material
Enhance viral replication
#9
Which cellular organelle is often involved in the assembly of enveloped viruses?
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosome
#10
Which enzyme is essential for the replication of retroviruses?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Reverse transcriptase
Ligase
#11
Which structural protein is responsible for the helical symmetry observed in some viruses?
Capsid
Envelope
Nucleocapsid
Spikes
#12
What is a viroid?
A small infectious protein
A virus with a unique shape
A circular RNA molecule causing plant diseases
A virus with both DNA and RNA genomes
#13
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a retrovirus?
Double-stranded DNA genome
Reverse transcription of viral RNA into DNA
Highly stable viral capsid
Presence of a segmented genome
#14
What is the role of the viral matrix protein in virus assembly?
Promotes viral entry into host cells
Anchors the viral envelope proteins to the capsid
Cleaves host cell membrane
Initiates viral replication
#15
What is the main function of the viral protease during the viral life cycle?
Facilitates viral entry into host cells
Cleaves viral RNA to generate mRNA
Cleaves viral polyproteins to produce functional proteins
Promotes viral genome replication
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