#1
Which of the following enzymes is responsible for unwinding the DNA during viral replication?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Helicase
Ligase
#2
What is the primary function of reverse transcriptase in retroviral replication?
Synthesizing RNA from DNA
Synthesizing DNA from RNA
Proofreading DNA
Proofreading RNA
#3
Which phase of the viral life cycle involves the release of mature virions from the host cell?
Attachment
Penetration
Biosynthesis
Release
#4
In which stage of the viral replication cycle does the virus acquire its envelope, if it has one?
Attachment
Penetration
Maturation
Release
#5
Which viral life cycle involves the integration of the viral genome into the host genome?
Lytic cycle
Lysogenic cycle
Bacteriophage cycle
Lysozyme cycle
#6
Which phase of the viral life cycle involves the assembly of new viral particles?
Attachment
Penetration
Biosynthesis
Maturation
#7
What is the role of integrase during the life cycle of a retrovirus?
Cleaves viral RNA
Cleaves host DNA
Integrates viral DNA into the host genome
Integrates host DNA into the viral genome
#8
What is the function of the protease enzyme in the viral life cycle?
Cleaves viral RNA
Cleaves host DNA
Cleaves viral proteins for maturation
Cleaves host proteins for replication
#9
Which viral enzyme is responsible for creating a complementary RNA strand during RNA virus replication?
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Reverse transcriptase
Transcriptase
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the lytic cycle in viral replication?
Viral genome integration into host DNA
Gradual release of virions from host cell
Cell lysis and immediate release of virions
Formation of viral latency
#11
Which of the following is NOT a method of viral entry into host cells?
Fusion with the host cell membrane
Endocytosis
Pinocytosis
Exocytosis
#12
What is the mechanism by which some viruses evade the host immune response by integrating their genome into host DNA?
Viral mimicry
Immune suppression
Latency
Viral integration
#13
What is the term for the process by which some viruses integrate their genetic material into the host genome and remain dormant for an extended period?
Latency
Lysis
Ligation
Integration
#14
Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of viral assembly?
Synthesis of viral proteins
Packaging of viral genome
Release of mature virions
Attachment to host cell
#15
What is the primary difference between RNA viruses and DNA viruses in terms of their replication strategies?
RNA viruses replicate in the nucleus, while DNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm.
RNA viruses use reverse transcriptase, while DNA viruses do not.
RNA viruses have a higher mutation rate than DNA viruses.
RNA viruses replicate via the lytic cycle, while DNA viruses replicate via the lysogenic cycle.