Research Design and Threats to Validity Quiz

Explore essential concepts in research design and validity. Test your knowledge on experimental psychology with questions on internal, external, and construct validity.

#1

What is the primary goal of research design?

To collect data
To establish causation
To create a visually appealing report
To conduct statistical analyses
#2

What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?

To collect final data for analysis
To test the feasibility of the research design
To manipulate variables in the main study
To write the research report
#3

What is the purpose of a control group in an experimental study?

To provide a comparison for the experimental group
To manipulate the independent variable
To collect initial data
To ensure external validity
#4

What is the purpose of random assignment in an experimental study?

To ensure equal distribution of participants in different conditions
To manipulate the independent variable
To collect observational data
To control for extraneous variables
#5

Which type of validity assesses the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

Internal validity
External validity
Construct validity
Face validity
#6

Which type of research design involves the manipulation of one or more independent variables to observe the effect on a dependent variable?

Descriptive research design
Explanatory research design
Experimental research design
Correlational research design
#7

What is the term for a threat to internal validity that occurs when participants in one experimental condition become aware of what is happening in other conditions and it affects their behavior?

Hawthorne effect
Demand characteristics
Experimenter bias
Testing effect
#8

Which of the following is a potential source of extraneous variability in a research study?

Random assignment
Control group
Confounding variable
Dependent variable
#9

What is the term for a type of bias that occurs when participants' behavior is influenced by their beliefs or expectations about the purpose of the study?

Observer bias
Confirmation bias
Expectancy effect
Sampling bias
#10

Which type of research design involves the systematic observation and recording of behavior in its natural setting?

Experimental research design
Correlational research design
Observational research design
Quasi-experimental research design
#11

Which type of validity assesses whether the results of a study generalize beyond the specific procedures and measures used in the research?

Internal validity
External validity
Construct validity
Content validity
#12

In a research study, if a sample is not representative of the population, what type of validity is likely to be threatened?

External validity
Internal validity
Construct validity
Face validity
#13

In a research study, if the measurement tool consistently produces the same results over time, it is said to have high:

Reliability
Validity
Sensitivity
Specificity
#14

Which of the following is a threat to external validity that occurs when participants' knowledge of being in a study influences their behavior in an unnatural way?

Experimenter bias
Demand characteristics
Participant bias
Testing effect
#15

What is the term for a threat to internal validity that occurs when changes in the dependent variable may be attributed to the passage of time rather than the experimental treatment?

Maturation
History
Testing effect
Regression to the mean

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