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Research Design and Threats to Validity Quiz

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What is the primary goal of research design?

To establish causation

Explanation

Establishing causal relationships between variables.

What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?

To test the feasibility of the research design

Explanation

Testing the viability of the research plan.

What is the purpose of a control group in an experimental study?

To provide a comparison for the experimental group

Explanation

Comparison to gauge the effect of manipulation.

What is the purpose of random assignment in an experimental study?

To ensure equal distribution of participants in different conditions

Explanation

Balancing participant characteristics across groups.

Which type of validity assesses the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

External validity

Explanation

Generalizability across various conditions.

Which type of research design involves the manipulation of one or more independent variables to observe the effect on a dependent variable?

Experimental research design

Explanation

Manipulating variables to observe their effects.

What is the term for a threat to internal validity that occurs when participants in one experimental condition become aware of what is happening in other conditions and it affects their behavior?

Demand characteristics

Explanation

Participants altering behavior due to awareness.

Which of the following is a potential source of extraneous variability in a research study?

Confounding variable

Explanation

Variables other than the independent variable.

What is the term for a type of bias that occurs when participants' behavior is influenced by their beliefs or expectations about the purpose of the study?

Expectancy effect

Explanation

Bias due to participant expectations.

#10

Which type of research design involves the systematic observation and recording of behavior in its natural setting?

Observational research design

Explanation

Behavioral observation in natural settings.

#11

Which type of validity assesses whether the results of a study generalize beyond the specific procedures and measures used in the research?

External validity

Explanation

Extent to which findings apply outside the study.

#12

In a research study, if a sample is not representative of the population, what type of validity is likely to be threatened?

External validity

Explanation

Threatened validity due to non-representative samples.

#13

In a research study, if the measurement tool consistently produces the same results over time, it is said to have high:

Reliability

Explanation

Consistency of measurement outcomes.

#14

Which of the following is a threat to external validity that occurs when participants' knowledge of being in a study influences their behavior in an unnatural way?

Demand characteristics

Explanation

Participants altering behavior due to study awareness.

#15

What is the term for a threat to internal validity that occurs when changes in the dependent variable may be attributed to the passage of time rather than the experimental treatment?

Maturation

Explanation

Changes due to natural development.

Research Design and Threats to Validity Quiz

What is the primary goal of research design?

What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?

What is the purpose of a control group in an experimental study?

What is the purpose of random assignment in an experimental study?

Which type of validity assesses the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other populations, settings, and times?

Which type of research design involves the manipulation of one or more independent variables to observe the effect on a dependent variable?

What is the term for a threat to internal validity that occurs when participants in one experimental condition become aware of what is happening in other conditions and it affects their behavior?

Which of the following is a potential source of extraneous variability in a research study?

What is the term for a type of bias that occurs when participants' behavior is influenced by their beliefs or expectations about the purpose of the study?

Which type of research design involves the systematic observation and recording of behavior in its natural setting?

Which type of validity assesses whether the results of a study generalize beyond the specific procedures and measures used in the research?

In a research study, if a sample is not representative of the population, what type of validity is likely to be threatened?

In a research study, if the measurement tool consistently produces the same results over time, it is said to have high:

Which of the following is a threat to external validity that occurs when participants' knowledge of being in a study influences their behavior in an unnatural way?

What is the term for a threat to internal validity that occurs when changes in the dependent variable may be attributed to the passage of time rather than the experimental treatment?

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