#1
Which psychologist is widely known for his work on operant conditioning?
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
#2
What is the term for the process of associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response?
Generalization
Discrimination
Acquisition
Extinction
#3
In operant conditioning, what is a secondary reinforcer?
A reinforcer that is initially neutral but becomes reinforcing through association
A reinforcer that is innately satisfying and requires no learning
A reinforcer that is effective only in certain situations
A reinforcer that is effective for complex behaviors
#4
What is the term for the process of reinforcing a behavior every time it occurs?
Continuous reinforcement
Partial reinforcement
Fixed ratio reinforcement
Variable interval reinforcement
#5
In operant conditioning, what is reinforcement?
Punishment for unwanted behavior
The removal of a pleasant stimulus
Any event that strengthens or increases the likelihood of a behavior
A neutral response to behavior
#6
What is the term for the gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
#7
What is the term for the process of teaching a complex behavior by reinforcing closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior?
Backward chaining
Shaping
Modeling
Chaining
#8
What is negative reinforcement in operant conditioning?
Punishing an unwanted behavior
Removing an unpleasant stimulus to strengthen a behavior
Rewarding a behavior to decrease its occurrence
Ignoring a behavior to make it extinct
#9
In operant conditioning, what is a primary reinforcer?
A reinforcer that is initially neutral but becomes reinforcing through association
A reinforcer that is innately satisfying and requires no learning
A reinforcer that is effective only in certain situations
A reinforcer that is effective for complex behaviors
#10
What is the term for the reappearance of a previously extinguished response after a delay?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Discrimination
Operant rebound
#11
Which schedule of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a variable number of responses?
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
Fixed Ratio
Variable Interval
#12
Which operant conditioning term is defined as a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response?
Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Unconditioned Response (UR)
Conditioned Response (CR)
#13
Which type of reinforcement schedule is known for producing high rates of responding and resistance to extinction?
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
Fixed Ratio
Variable Interval
#14
Which term describes the tendency for a response to occur in the presence of stimuli similar to the original discriminative stimulus?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Shaping
#15
What is the term for the process of responding to a new stimulus as if it were the original conditioned stimulus?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Spontaneous recovery
#16
According to operant conditioning, what is a conditioned reinforcer?
A reinforcer that is initially neutral but becomes reinforcing through association
A reinforcer that is innately satisfying and requires no learning
A reinforcer that is effective only in certain situations
A reinforcer that is effective for complex behaviors