#1
Which theory suggests that motivation arises from the desire to reduce internal tension caused by unmet needs?
Drive reduction theory
Hierarchy of needs theory
Expectancy theory
Two-factor theory
#2
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs must be satisfied before higher-order needs can be addressed?
Safety needs
Physiological needs
Esteem needs
Self-actualization needs
#3
What is the concept of emotional intelligence primarily focused on?
Measuring one's IQ accurately
Understanding and managing emotions
Solving complex mathematical problems
Improving memory retention
#4
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
GABA
#5
Which of the following is a primary factor influencing individual differences in motivation?
Personality
Height
Eye color
Blood type
#6
Who proposed the two-factor theory of emotion?
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
William James
Stanley Schachter
#7
What is the primary difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation involves internal rewards, while extrinsic motivation involves external rewards.
Extrinsic motivation involves personal satisfaction, while intrinsic motivation involves social recognition.
Intrinsic motivation is based on punishment, while extrinsic motivation is based on rewards.
Extrinsic motivation is driven by biological needs, while intrinsic motivation is driven by cognitive needs.
#8
According to the arousal theory of motivation, what happens when arousal levels are too low or too high?
Performance remains unaffected.
Performance improves.
Performance deteriorates.
Performance fluctuates randomly.
#9
Who proposed the Yerkes-Dodson law?
Clark Hull
William James
Robert Yerkes and John Dodson
B.F. Skinner
#10
What is the main idea behind the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion?
Emotions are purely instinctual reactions.
Emotions are determined by how we interpret and evaluate events.
Emotions are controlled by physiological responses.
Emotions are universal across all cultures.
#11
According to the self-determination theory, what are the three innate psychological needs that influence motivation?
Safety, esteem, and self-actualization
Autonomy, competence, and relatedness
Achievement, affiliation, and power
Security, belongingness, and recognition
#12
According to the facial-feedback hypothesis, what role do facial expressions play in emotion?
Facial expressions have no effect on emotion.
Facial expressions only reflect underlying emotions.
Facial expressions can influence emotional experience.
Facial expressions determine personality traits.
#13
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes while attributing others' actions to internal causes?
Self-serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
Social facilitation
Groupthink
#14
Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously, but independently?
James-Lange theory
Cannon-Bard theory
Schachter-Singer theory
Facial-feedback hypothesis
#15
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor?
Recognition
Achievement
Salary
Advancement