#1
Which theory suggests that motivation arises from the desire to reduce internal tension caused by unmet needs?
Drive reduction theory
ExplanationMotivation stems from resolving unmet needs to reduce internal tension.
#2
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs must be satisfied before higher-order needs can be addressed?
Physiological needs
ExplanationBasic physiological needs must be met before addressing higher-order needs.
#3
What is the concept of emotional intelligence primarily focused on?
Understanding and managing emotions
ExplanationEmotional intelligence focuses on comprehending and controlling emotions.
#4
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is linked with sensations of pleasure and reward.
#5
Which of the following is a primary factor influencing individual differences in motivation?
Personality
ExplanationPersonality significantly influences individual differences in motivation.
#6
Who proposed the two-factor theory of emotion?
Stanley Schachter
ExplanationTwo-factor theory of emotion was proposed by Stanley Schachter.
#7
What is the primary difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic motivation involves internal rewards, while extrinsic motivation involves external rewards.
ExplanationIntrinsic motivation relies on internal rewards, whereas extrinsic motivation depends on external rewards.
#8
According to the arousal theory of motivation, what happens when arousal levels are too low or too high?
Performance deteriorates.
ExplanationPerformance declines when arousal levels are either too low or too high.
#9
Who proposed the Yerkes-Dodson law?
Robert Yerkes and John Dodson
ExplanationYerkes-Dodson law was proposed by Robert Yerkes and John Dodson.
#10
What is the main idea behind the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion?
Emotions are determined by how we interpret and evaluate events.
ExplanationEmotions are shaped by our interpretation and evaluation of events, according to cognitive appraisal theory.
#11
According to the self-determination theory, what are the three innate psychological needs that influence motivation?
Autonomy, competence, and relatedness
ExplanationAutonomy, competence, and relatedness are the innate psychological needs according to self-determination theory.
#12
According to the facial-feedback hypothesis, what role do facial expressions play in emotion?
Facial expressions can influence emotional experience.
ExplanationFacial expressions have the capacity to affect emotional experience.
#13
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes while attributing others' actions to internal causes?
Fundamental attribution error
ExplanationAttributing one's own actions to external causes and others' actions to internal causes is termed fundamental attribution error.
#14
Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously, but independently?
Cannon-Bard theory
ExplanationCannon-Bard theory proposes that physiological arousal and emotional experience happen simultaneously but independently.
#15
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor?
Salary
ExplanationSalary is considered a hygiene factor according to Herzberg's two-factor theory.