Molecular Genetics and DNA Processes Quiz

Test your knowledge on DNA replication, transcription, translation, and repair mechanisms with these molecular genetics questions.

Practice Learn Test

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

DNA polymerase

Helicase

Ligase

RNA polymerase

What is the term for the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template?

Translation

Transcription

Replication

Reverse transcription

What is the name of the enzyme responsible for sealing nicks in the backbone of the newly synthesized DNA during replication?

Helicase

Primase

Topoisomerase

Ligase

During translation, which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome?

tRNA

mRNA

rRNA

snRNA

In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

G1 phase

S phase

G2 phase

M phase

Which of the following is not a component of a nucleotide in DNA?

Phosphate group

Deoxyribose sugar

Uracil base

Nitrogenous base

What is the function of DNA polymerase III in DNA replication?

Unwinds the DNA double helix

Adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand

Proofreads the newly synthesized DNA strand

Joins Okazaki fragments

Which of the following DNA repair mechanisms is specifically involved in repairing thymine dimers caused by UV radiation?

Base excision repair

Nucleotide excision repair

Mismatch repair

Homologous recombination

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is true?

The genetic code is non-overlapping

Each codon codes for multiple amino acids

The genetic code is universal in all organisms

There are 64 start codons

#10

In eukaryotes, where does mRNA processing, including splicing and addition of a 5' cap and poly-A tail, occur?

Nucleus

Ribosome

Endoplasmic reticulum

Cytoplasm

#11

Which of the following best describes the role of telomerase?

Adds telomeres to the ends of linear chromosomes

Cleaves telomeres from the ends of linear chromosomes

Repairs DNA damage in telomeric regions

Transcribes telomeres into mRNA