#1
What is the primary focus of behavior analysis?
Understanding genetic mutations
Studying cognitive processes
Analyzing observable behavior
Investigating emotional states
#2
What does reinforcement aim to do in behavior analysis?
Decrease the likelihood of a behavior
Increase the likelihood of a behavior
Eliminate all behaviors
Have no effect on behavior
#3
In behavior analysis, what is a primary function of positive reinforcement?
Decrease the occurrence of undesirable behavior
Increase the occurrence of desirable behavior
Punish the undesirable behavior
Ignore both desirable and undesirable behavior
#4
What is an example of a secondary reinforcer?
#5
What is shaping in behavior analysis?
A method of punishment
A technique for increasing complex behaviors
A form of negative reinforcement
A process of ignoring behavior
#6
Which schedule of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a varying number of responses?
Fixed-ratio schedule
Variable-ratio schedule
Fixed-interval schedule
Variable-interval schedule
#7
What is extinction in behavior analysis?
Increasing the occurrence of a behavior
Strengthening a behavior with a reward
Decreasing the occurrence of a behavior by removing reinforcement
Encouraging a behavior with punishment
#8
In behavior analysis, what is the term for a stimulus that increases the likelihood of a behavior when presented after the behavior?
Reinforcer
Punisher
Neutral stimulus
Conditioned stimulus
#9
Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?
Giving a reward for completing a task
Taking away a privilege for misbehavior
Giving a timeout for disruptive behavior
Taking away a nagging sound by turning off an alarm
#10
What is the term for removing a reinforcing stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
#11
What is a primary difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
Classical conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors, while operant conditioning focuses on involuntary behaviors.
Classical conditioning involves reinforcement, while operant conditioning involves punishment.
Classical conditioning relies on consequences, while operant conditioning relies on associations.
Classical conditioning pairs a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus, while operant conditioning reinforces voluntary behaviors.
#12
What is the term for the gradual disappearance of a learned behavior following the removal of reinforcement?
Extinction
Punishment
Generalization
Discrimination
#13
What is the term for the process of reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior until the desired behavior is achieved?
Generalization
Discrimination
Chaining
Fading
#14
What is the term for the tendency of a behavior to occur in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the stimulus that was present during learning?
Discrimination
Generalization
Extinction
Shaping
#15
What is a primary difference between positive punishment and negative punishment?
Positive punishment involves adding a stimulus, while negative punishment involves removing a stimulus.
Positive punishment involves removing a stimulus, while negative punishment involves adding a stimulus.
Positive punishment involves reinforcement, while negative punishment involves punishment.
Positive punishment strengthens behavior, while negative punishment weakens behavior.
#16
Which reinforcement schedule is most resistant to extinction?
Fixed-ratio schedule
Variable-ratio schedule
Fixed-interval schedule
Variable-interval schedule