#1
What is the primary focus of behavior analysis?
Analyzing observable behavior
ExplanationBehavior analysis focuses on analyzing observable behavior.
#2
What does reinforcement aim to do in behavior analysis?
Increase the likelihood of a behavior
ExplanationReinforcement aims to increase the likelihood of behaviors.
#3
In behavior analysis, what is a primary function of positive reinforcement?
Increase the occurrence of desirable behavior
ExplanationPositive reinforcement increases desirable behaviors.
#4
What is an example of a secondary reinforcer?
Money
ExplanationMoney is an example of a secondary reinforcer.
#5
What is shaping in behavior analysis?
A technique for increasing complex behaviors
ExplanationShaping involves increasing complex behaviors through gradual steps.
#6
Which schedule of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a varying number of responses?
Variable-ratio schedule
ExplanationVariable-ratio schedule reinforces after a variable number of responses.
#7
What is extinction in behavior analysis?
Decreasing the occurrence of a behavior by removing reinforcement
ExplanationExtinction decreases behavior by removing reinforcement.
#8
In behavior analysis, what is the term for a stimulus that increases the likelihood of a behavior when presented after the behavior?
Reinforcer
ExplanationA stimulus that increases behavior after presentation is a reinforcer.
#9
Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?
Taking away a nagging sound by turning off an alarm
ExplanationRemoving a nagging sound by turning off an alarm is negative reinforcement.
#10
What is the term for removing a reinforcing stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior?
Negative punishment
ExplanationRemoving reinforcement to decrease behavior is negative punishment.
#11
What is a primary difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning?
Classical conditioning pairs a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus, while operant conditioning reinforces voluntary behaviors.
ExplanationClassical conditioning pairs stimuli, while operant conditioning reinforces voluntary behaviors.
#12
What is the term for the gradual disappearance of a learned behavior following the removal of reinforcement?
Extinction
ExplanationThe gradual disappearance of behavior due to removed reinforcement is extinction.
#13
What is the term for the process of reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior until the desired behavior is achieved?
Chaining
ExplanationReinforcing steps towards a desired behavior is chaining.
#14
What is the term for the tendency of a behavior to occur in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the stimulus that was present during learning?
Generalization
ExplanationBehavior occurring in presence of similar stimuli is generalization.
#15
What is a primary difference between positive punishment and negative punishment?
Positive punishment involves adding a stimulus, while negative punishment involves removing a stimulus.
ExplanationPositive punishment adds a stimulus, negative punishment removes one.
#16
Which reinforcement schedule is most resistant to extinction?
Variable-ratio schedule
ExplanationVariable-ratio schedule is the most resistant to extinction.