#1
Which amendment of the U.S. Constitution protects freedom of speech and expression?
First Amendment
Second Amendment
Fourth Amendment
Tenth Amendment
#2
Which of the following is NOT protected under the First Amendment?
Political speech
Commercial speech
Obscene speech
Religious speech
#3
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects freedom of the press?
First Amendment
Second Amendment
Fourth Amendment
Tenth Amendment
#4
What is the 'Miller test' used for in the context of obscenity laws?
To determine if material appeals to prurient interests
To establish the 'clear and present danger' standard
To determine if material has artistic value
To evaluate the truthfulness of speech
#5
Which of the following is NOT a category of unprotected speech under the First Amendment?
Obscenity
Commercial speech
Fighting words
Political speech
#6
What does the 'prior restraint' doctrine refer to in the context of freedom of expression?
Restrictions on speech after it has been made
Censorship imposed before speech is made
Limits on political speech
Legal protection for hate speech
#7
Which landmark Supreme Court case established the 'clear and present danger' test?
Texas v. Johnson
Tinker v. Des Moines
Schenck v. United States
Reno v. ACLU
#8
What does 'obscenity' refer to in the context of media law?
Speech that incites violence
Speech that is offensive or unpopular
Speech that is indecent or offensive by contemporary community standards
Speech that criticizes the government
#9
What is the significance of the case New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964)?
Established the 'actual malice' standard for libel against public figures
Confirmed government's right to regulate political speech
Established the 'clear and present danger' test
Established the 'Lemon test' for determining religious establishment
#10
Which legal principle allows the government to prohibit the broadcast of indecent material during certain hours?
The strict scrutiny test
The Miller test
The time, place, and manner restriction
The safe harbor principle
#11
Which legal test is used to determine whether material is obscene according to the U.S. Supreme Court?
The Lemon test
The Brandenburg test
The Miller test
The Miranda test
#12
What is the significance of the case FCC v. Pacifica Foundation (1978)?
Established the 'fighting words' doctrine
Upheld the FCC's authority to regulate indecent material on broadcast radio
Established the 'incitement to imminent lawless action' test
Invalidated a state law prohibiting the burning of the American flag
#13
What does the 'chilling effect' refer to in the context of freedom of expression?
The suppression of speech due to fear of legal repercussions
The proliferation of hate speech online
The protection of whistleblowers
The restriction of commercial speech
#14
What is the 'heckler's veto'?
A form of censorship where the audience's negative reaction determines the speech's fate
A legal defense against defamation claims
A doctrine allowing the government to restrict speech that may incite violence
A strategy used by activists to disrupt public events
#15
What is the significance of the case Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969)?
Established the 'clear and present danger' test
Established the 'actual malice' standard for libel against public figures
Established the 'imminent lawless action' test for restricting speech
Invalidated a state law prohibiting the burning of the American flag