#1
Which amendment of the U.S. Constitution protects freedom of speech and expression?
First Amendment
ExplanationFirst Amendment protects freedom of speech and expression.
#2
Which of the following is NOT protected under the First Amendment?
Obscene speech
ExplanationObscene speech is not protected under the First Amendment.
#3
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects freedom of the press?
First Amendment
ExplanationFirst Amendment protects freedom of the press.
#4
What is the 'Miller test' used for in the context of obscenity laws?
To determine if material appeals to prurient interests
ExplanationThe Miller test is used to determine if material appeals to prurient interests.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a category of unprotected speech under the First Amendment?
Political speech
ExplanationPolitical speech is not a category of unprotected speech under the First Amendment.
#6
What does the 'prior restraint' doctrine refer to in the context of freedom of expression?
Censorship imposed before speech is made
ExplanationPrior restraint refers to censorship before speech is made.
#7
Which landmark Supreme Court case established the 'clear and present danger' test?
Schenck v. United States
ExplanationSchenck v. United States established the 'clear and present danger' test.
#8
What does 'obscenity' refer to in the context of media law?
Speech that is indecent or offensive by contemporary community standards
ExplanationObscenity refers to speech that is indecent or offensive by contemporary community standards.
#9
What is the significance of the case New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964)?
Established the 'actual malice' standard for libel against public figures
ExplanationNew York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964) established the 'actual malice' standard for libel against public figures.
#10
Which legal principle allows the government to prohibit the broadcast of indecent material during certain hours?
The safe harbor principle
ExplanationThe safe harbor principle allows the government to prohibit the broadcast of indecent material during certain hours.
#11
Which legal test is used to determine whether material is obscene according to the U.S. Supreme Court?
The Miller test
ExplanationThe Miller test is used to determine whether material is obscene according to the U.S. Supreme Court.
#12
What is the significance of the case FCC v. Pacifica Foundation (1978)?
Upheld the FCC's authority to regulate indecent material on broadcast radio
ExplanationFCC v. Pacifica Foundation (1978) upheld the FCC's authority to regulate indecent material on broadcast radio.
#13
What does the 'chilling effect' refer to in the context of freedom of expression?
The suppression of speech due to fear of legal repercussions
ExplanationThe chilling effect refers to the suppression of speech due to fear of legal repercussions.
#14
What is the 'heckler's veto'?
A form of censorship where the audience's negative reaction determines the speech's fate
ExplanationThe heckler's veto is a form of censorship where the audience's negative reaction determines the speech's fate.
#15
What is the significance of the case Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969)?
Established the 'imminent lawless action' test for restricting speech
ExplanationBrandenburg v. Ohio (1969) established the 'imminent lawless action' test for restricting speech.