#1
Which psychological approach emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences in shaping behavior?
Behavioral Approach
Cognitive Approach
Psychodynamic Approach
Humanistic Approach
#2
Who is considered the founder of psychoanalysis?
Carl Rogers
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Albert Bandura
#3
According to the behavioral perspective, behavior is primarily shaped by:
Unconscious conflicts
Cognitive processes
Environmental influences
Self-actualization
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of the biopsychosocial model?
Biological
Cognitive
Social
Spiritual
#5
Which approach in psychology emphasizes the role of free will and personal growth?
Behavioral
Cognitive
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
#6
Who proposed the hierarchy of needs theory?
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers
B.F. Skinner
Erik Erikson
#7
In the context of psychological research, what does the term 'reliability' refer to?
The extent to which a study accurately represents a larger population
The consistency of measurement across repeated trials
The ability of a study to establish cause-and-effect relationships
The degree to which different researchers obtain similar results
#8
What does the sociocultural perspective emphasize in understanding human behavior?
Biological factors
Social and cultural influences
Unconscious conflicts
Cognitive processes
#9
Which of the following is a key concept in the humanistic perspective?
Classical conditioning
Unconscious conflicts
Self-actualization
Operant conditioning
#10
The term 'schema' is commonly associated with which psychological perspective?
Cognitive
Behavioral
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
#11
Which theorist is associated with the concept of self-efficacy?
Carl Rogers
Albert Bandura
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
#12
What is the primary focus of the social cognitive perspective?
Environmental determinism
Unconscious conflicts
Cognitive processes
Operant conditioning
#13
Who developed the theory of cognitive dissonance?
Leon Festinger
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Edward Thorndike
#14
What is the purpose of informed consent in psychological research?
To ensure participants are not harmed during the study
To inform participants about the purpose and procedures of the study
To guarantee confidentiality of participant information
To provide debriefing after the study is completed
#15
What is the primary focus of the biopsychosocial approach?
Biological influences
Psychological influences
Social influences
All of the above
#16
What is the main focus of the evolutionary perspective in psychology?
Understanding how genes influence behavior
Examining how behavior has evolved to enhance survival
Exploring unconscious conflicts
Analyzing the role of cognitive processes
#17
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of the biological perspective?
Reductionism
Determinism
Neglect of environmental factors
Overemphasis on subjective experiences
#18
What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental research?
To ensure that the sample is representative of the population
To eliminate experimenter bias
To minimize the effects of confounding variables
To increase the generalizability of the results
#19
What is the term for the tendency to perceive objects as unchanging, even when the sensory input about them changes?
Perceptual consistency
Perceptual adaptation
Perceptual set
Perceptual illusion