Cognitive Psychology and Decision Making Quiz

Test your knowledge on cognitive biases, theories, and decision-making processes with this quiz on cognitive psychology and decision science.

#1

Which term refers to the mental process of organizing and interpreting sensory information?

Encoding
Cognition
Perception
Memory
#2

Who proposed the dual-process theory of decision making, distinguishing between System 1 and System 2 thinking?

Daniel Kahneman
John Dewey
Noam Chomsky
B.F. Skinner
#3

In the context of decision making, what does the term 'anchoring' refer to?

The tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information encountered
The process of adjusting beliefs or behaviors to match those of others
The tendency to overestimate the likelihood of events that have recently come to mind
The tendency to be overly influenced by initial estimates or impressions
#4

According to Prospect Theory, which of the following statements is true regarding decision making under risk?

People tend to make decisions based on expected value
People are risk-averse in the domain of gains and risk-seeking in the domain of losses
People are risk-seeking in both the domain of gains and the domain of losses
People are indifferent to risk
#5

What is the term for the cognitive bias where people overestimate their ability to control events?

Confirmation bias
Illusory superiority
Control illusion
Hindsight bias
#6

Which concept in decision making refers to the tendency to continue investing time, money, or effort into a decision despite evidence that it's failing?

Sunk cost fallacy
Opportunity cost
Confirmation bias
Recency effect
#7

Who developed the 'availability heuristic,' which suggests that people assess the frequency of an event by the ease with which instances come to mind?

Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Howard Gardner
#8

What term describes the mental shortcut where individuals make decisions based on the information readily available to them rather than complete information?

Representativeness heuristic
Availability heuristic
Anchoring effect
Framing effect
#9

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where individuals in a group tend to make riskier decisions than they would individually?

Group polarization
Groupthink
Social loafing
Social facilitation
#10

Which theory suggests that individuals tend to seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs while ignoring or discounting contradictory evidence?

Confirmation bias
Framing effect
Representativeness heuristic
Availability heuristic
#11

Who introduced the concept of 'cognitive dissonance,' which refers to the discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes?

Leon Festinger
Stanley Milgram
Philip Zimbardo
Solomon Asch
#12

Which theory suggests that individuals tend to make decisions based on the potential value of losses and gains rather than the final outcome?

Prospect Theory
Expected Utility Theory
Game Theory
Rational Choice Theory
#13

Who developed the 'conjunction fallacy,' which occurs when people judge the probability of two events happening together to be higher than the probability of either event happening alone?

Amos Tversky
Daniel Kahneman
Richard Thaler
Herbert Simon
#14

What concept suggests that people often make decisions based on how choices are framed rather than the actual outcomes?

Framing effect
Confirmation bias
Representativeness heuristic
Anchoring effect

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