#1
At what age do most infants begin to crawl?
3-4 months
6-9 months
12-18 months
24 months
#2
Which of the following is not a milestone typically achieved by the age of 2?
Walking independently
Using simple sentences
Tying shoelaces
Identifying body parts
#3
What is a primary focus of the sensorimotor stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Language acquisition
Abstract thinking
Object permanence
Moral reasoning
#4
Which of the following is a typical milestone in the social development of preschool-aged children?
Parallel play
Abstract thinking
Teenage rebellion
Midlife crisis
#5
What is a typical milestone in the language development of a 12-month-old infant?
Saying single words
Using complex sentences
Reading simple books
Writing letters
#6
What is the approximate age range for the onset of the 'terrible twos'?
12-18 months
18-24 months
24-30 months
30-36 months
#7
Which of the following is a characteristic of the concrete operational stage according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Abstract reasoning
Symbolic thinking
Egocentrism
Conservation of volume
#8
What is the approximate age range for the onset of the 'identity crisis' according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
Infancy
Adolescence
Middle adulthood
Late adulthood
#9
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, what is the 'zone of proximal development'?
The stage where children engage in parallel play
The gap between what a learner can do alone versus with assistance
A stage of moral development in adolescence
A stage where children begin to exhibit stranger anxiety
#10
At what age do most children start to develop a sense of gender identity?
3-4 years
6-7 years
9-10 years
12-13 years
#11
What is a typical feature of Erikson's stage of 'Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt'?
Seeking peer approval
Exploring environment
Developing a sense of identity
Wanting to do things independently
#12
What is a characteristic of Kohlberg's 'postconventional' stage of moral development?
Conforming to societal rules
Seeking approval from authority figures
Internalization of moral principles
Avoiding punishment
#13
What is a typical feature of Gilligan's theory of moral development?
Emphasis on justice and fairness
Stages based on cognitive development
Focus on gender differences in moral reasoning
Hierarchy of moral principles
#14
What is a typical feature of Kohlberg's 'conventional' stage of moral development?
Obeying rules to avoid punishment
Balancing self-interest with societal expectations
Following a personal moral code
Adhering to universal ethical principles
#15
What is a typical feature of Vygotsky's concept of the 'scaffolding' in learning?
Providing direct instruction
Letting the learner explore independently
Providing temporary support and guidance
Evaluating the learner's performance