#1
Who is associated with the concept of operant conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
#2
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Adding chores for misbehavior
Taking away privileges for breaking curfew
Giving praise for completing homework
Ignoring a tantrum in a child
#3
In classical conditioning, what is the neutral stimulus eventually called after it has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus?
Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
Neutral stimulus
Reinforcing stimulus
#4
In operant conditioning, what is the term for an event that decreases the likelihood of the behavior it follows?
Positive reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative reinforcement
Negative punishment
#5
Which psychologist proposed the theory of social learning, emphasizing the role of modeling and imitation?
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
#6
What term describes the process of learning new behaviors by watching others and modeling their actions?
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Observational learning
Stimulus generalization
#7
What is the term for the tendency for a conditioned response to be elicited by stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Extinction
Discrimination
#8
Which of the following best describes classical conditioning?
Learning by association between a neutral stimulus and a conditioned stimulus
Learning through reinforcement or punishment
Learning by observing others' behavior
Learning through repetition and practice
#9
Who proposed the theory of operant conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
John B. Watson
#10
Which of the following best defines classical conditioning?
Learning by association between a neutral stimulus and a conditioned stimulus
Learning through reinforcement or punishment
Learning by observing others' behavior
Learning through repetition and practice
#11
What is the term for the process of reducing a conditioned response by repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Extinction
Discrimination
#12
What is the term for the process of pairing a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a specific response?
Discrimination
Generalization
Extinction
Acquisition
#13
Which of the following best defines negative reinforcement?
Adding an undesirable stimulus to decrease behavior
Removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease behavior
Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase behavior
Removing an aversive stimulus to increase behavior
#14
What is the process called when a learned response becomes extinguished when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Extinction
Discrimination
#15
What is the term for the process by which a response is strengthened or increased in frequency by the addition of a stimulus?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
#16
In operant conditioning, which schedule of reinforcement provides reinforcement after a fixed number of responses?
Fixed-interval schedule
Variable-interval schedule
Fixed-ratio schedule
Variable-ratio schedule
#17
Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?
Giving a reward for completing chores
Taking away a privilege for misbehavior
Yelling at a child for breaking a rule
Ignoring a tantrum in a child
#18
Who proposed the Law of Effect, stating that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely, while behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely?
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura
Edward Thorndike
#19
Which of the following best defines punishment?
Adding something undesirable to decrease behavior
Removing something pleasant to decrease behavior
Adding something pleasant to increase behavior
Removing something aversive to increase behavior
#20
What is the term for the process of learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Social learning
Cognitive learning
#21
Which type of learning focuses on the mental processes involved in acquiring, retaining, and using knowledge?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Social learning
Cognitive learning
#22
In classical conditioning, what is the term for the gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus?
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization
Extinction
Discrimination