#1
Which type of conditioning involves learning through association between a neutral stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus?
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Social conditioning
Pavlovian conditioning
#2
In operant conditioning, which term describes a consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
#3
What is an example of positive punishment?
Giving a treat to a dog for obeying a command
Scolding a child for misbehaving
Taking away a toy from a child for misbehavior
Ignoring a student's disruptive behavior
#4
Which of the following is an example of shaping in operant conditioning?
Giving a treat to a dog for sitting on command
Ignoring a child's tantrum behavior
Scolding a student for poor academic performance
Removing a toy from a child for misbehavior
#5
In operant conditioning, what term refers to the gradual disappearance of a learned behavior when it is no longer reinforced?
Reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Generalization
#6
In classical conditioning, what is the term used for the naturally occurring stimulus that elicits a response without prior learning?
Neutral stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned response
#7
Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?
A child receiving a reward for completing chores
A dog salivating at the sound of a bell
A student studying for an exam to avoid failing
A person feeling hungry and eating food
#8
What term describes the process of gradually weakening a learned response by repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus?
Extinction
Reinforcement
Generalization
Discrimination
#9
What is an example of positive reinforcement?
Taking away a toy from a child for misbehavior
Giving praise to a student for completing homework
Receiving a fine for speeding
Ignoring a dog's barking
#10
Which type of reinforcement involves the removal of an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior?
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Positive punishment
Negative punishment
#11
What term describes the process of gradually shaping behavior through successive approximations?
Chaining
Shaping
Molding
Fading
#12
Which term describes the process of responding to a stimulus similar to the conditioned stimulus with a conditioned response?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Habituation
#13
In classical conditioning, what is the term used for the learned response to the conditioned stimulus?
Neutral response
Unconditioned response
Conditioned response
Unconditioned stimulus
#14
Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning?
A child learning to fear spiders after being bitten
A pigeon pecking a button to receive food
A person feeling anxious in elevators due to a past trauma
A cat hiding during a thunderstorm
#15
What term describes the process of learning to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and similar stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus?
Extinction
Generalization
Discrimination
Habituation
#16
Which type of conditioning involves learning by observing the consequences of others' actions?
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Social learning theory
Pavlovian conditioning
#17
Which of the following is an example of punishment?
Giving a reward for good behavior
Taking away a privilege for misbehavior
Praising a student for completing homework
Ignoring a dog's begging behavior