#1
Which of the following theories suggests that people have five core needs: physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization?
Social Learning Theory
Two-Factor Theory
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Equity Theory
#2
What is 'organizational culture'?
The formal structure and hierarchy within an organization
The process of training new employees
The shared values, beliefs, and norms within an organization
The physical layout of the workspace
#3
What is the purpose of job enrichment in organizational behavior?
To simplify job tasks and reduce employee stress
To increase job satisfaction by adding variety and responsibility
To eliminate redundant positions within the organization
To standardize job roles and increase efficiency
#4
What is the 'psychological contract' in organizational behavior?
A formal agreement between the organization and its employees
The understanding between individuals and their supervisors
The unwritten expectations between employees and their organization
A legal document outlining employee rights and responsibilities
#5
Which leadership style involves setting clear goals and guidelines and giving employees autonomy to achieve them?
Laissez-Faire Leadership
Transformational Leadership
Transactional Leadership
Democratic Leadership
#6
What does the 'Hawthorne effect' refer to in organizational behavior?
The tendency of individuals to perform better when they know they're being observed
A theory of motivation suggesting that individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs
The process of modifying behavior through reinforcement or punishment
The process of adapting to new organizational culture
#7
Which leadership style emphasizes collaboration, communication, and involving employees in decision-making processes?
Transactional Leadership
Autocratic Leadership
Laissez-Faire Leadership
Transformational Leadership
#8
What is the main focus of the contingency approach to management?
Maximizing employee satisfaction
Identifying universal principles of management
Adapting management practices to unique situations
Standardizing management processes
#9
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing individual behavior in organizations according to the Big Five personality model?
Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Dominance
Extraversion
#10
What is the main focus of the Theory X and Theory Y model proposed by Douglas McGregor?
The importance of situational leadership
The role of motivation in employee performance
Different assumptions about employee attitudes and behavior
The impact of organizational culture on productivity
#11
What is the primary focus of organizational psychology?
Studying individual behavior within organizations
Analyzing market trends and consumer behavior
Developing marketing strategies for organizations
Designing efficient production processes
#12
Which theory suggests that individuals compare their inputs and outcomes to those of others and adjust their behavior accordingly?
Expectancy Theory
Goal-Setting Theory
Equity Theory
Reinforcement Theory
#13
Which motivational theory suggests that individuals are motivated by three needs: achievement, affiliation, and power?
ERG Theory
McClelland's Theory of Needs
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
#14
What is 'cognitive dissonance' in the context of organizational behavior?
The discomfort experienced when faced with conflicting beliefs or attitudes
The process of rational decision-making within organizations
The tendency to conform to group norms to avoid rejection
The emotional bond formed between employees and the organization
#15
What does the 'Pygmalion effect' suggest in organizational behavior?
The tendency of individuals to conform to group norms
The impact of leadership expectations on employee performance
The process of adapting to new organizational culture
The relationship between job satisfaction and job performance