#1
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?
First Amendment
Fourth Amendment
Eighth Amendment
Tenth Amendment
#2
What is the primary function of parole in the American correctional system?
Punishing offenders
Rehabilitating offenders
Providing early release under supervision
Enforcing fines
#3
What is the purpose of probation in the American criminal justice system?
To monitor individuals after release from prison
To provide counseling services to inmates
To determine guilt or innocence in a trial
To sentence offenders to community service
#4
Which correctional model emphasizes the importance of deterrence through the severity of punishment?
Rehabilitation model
Restorative justice model
Retributive model
Community-based model
#5
Which federal agency oversees the implementation of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) within correctional facilities?
Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Bureau of Justice Assistance
Bureau of Justice Statistics
#6
Which U.S. agency is responsible for overseeing the federal prison system?
Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Department of Corrections
Bureau of Prisons (BOP)
#7
What is the purpose of the 'three-strikes' laws in the United States?
To provide incentives for good behavior in prison
To ensure fair sentencing guidelines
To mandate life sentences for habitual offenders
To allow for parole after three offenses
#8
Which landmark Supreme Court case affirmed the constitutional right to receive adequate medical care while incarcerated?
Brown v. Board of Education
Gideon v. Wainwright
Estelle v. Gamble
Miranda v. Arizona
#9
What is the primary goal of rehabilitative programs within correctional facilities?
To punish offenders for their crimes
To deter others from committing crimes
To prepare offenders for successful reentry into society
To provide vocational training to inmates
#10
What is the purpose of a halfway house in the context of the American correctional system?
To provide temporary housing for homeless individuals
To offer transitional housing for individuals reentering society after incarceration
To serve as a location for parole hearings
To facilitate court-ordered drug rehabilitation programs
#11
What is a supermax prison designed to do?
Rehabilitate inmates through intensive programs
Provide comfortable living conditions for inmates
Isolate and control the most dangerous inmates
Facilitate easy access to family visits
#12
In which year did the United States officially abolish the practice of convict leasing?
#13
What is the primary criticism of mandatory minimum sentencing laws in the United States?
They disproportionately affect minority populations
They allow judges too much discretion in sentencing
They do not effectively deter crime
They are too lenient on repeat offenders
#14
In the context of prison classification, what does 'close custody' typically refer to?
Inmates who are nearing their release date
Inmates who require high levels of supervision and control
Inmates who are allowed to work outside the prison
Inmates who are serving life sentences
#15
What is the primary objective of the restorative justice approach in the American correctional system?
To punish offenders through incarceration
To restore harm caused by crime and promote healing for victims and communities
To rehabilitate offenders through education and training
To prevent recidivism through strict supervision