#1
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?
Eighth Amendment
ExplanationProhibits cruel and unusual punishment.
#2
What is the primary function of parole in the American correctional system?
Providing early release under supervision
ExplanationAllows early release under supervision.
#3
What is the purpose of probation in the American criminal justice system?
To monitor individuals after release from prison
ExplanationMonitors individuals post-release.
#4
Which correctional model emphasizes the importance of deterrence through the severity of punishment?
Retributive model
ExplanationEmphasizes deterrence through punishment severity.
#5
Which federal agency oversees the implementation of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) within correctional facilities?
Department of Justice
ExplanationDOJ oversees PREA implementation.
#6
Which U.S. agency is responsible for overseeing the federal prison system?
Bureau of Prisons (BOP)
ExplanationOversees federal prison system.
#7
What is the purpose of the 'three-strikes' laws in the United States?
To mandate life sentences for habitual offenders
ExplanationMandates life sentences for repeat offenders.
#8
Which landmark Supreme Court case affirmed the constitutional right to receive adequate medical care while incarcerated?
Estelle v. Gamble
ExplanationAffirms right to adequate medical care in prison.
#9
What is the primary goal of rehabilitative programs within correctional facilities?
To prepare offenders for successful reentry into society
ExplanationPrepares offenders for reintegration.
#10
What is the purpose of a halfway house in the context of the American correctional system?
To offer transitional housing for individuals reentering society after incarceration
ExplanationProvides transitional housing for ex-inmates.
#11
What is a supermax prison designed to do?
Isolate and control the most dangerous inmates
ExplanationIsolates and controls dangerous inmates.
#12
In which year did the United States officially abolish the practice of convict leasing?
1900
ExplanationAbolished convict leasing in 1900.
#13
What is the primary criticism of mandatory minimum sentencing laws in the United States?
They disproportionately affect minority populations
ExplanationDisproportionately impacts minorities.
#14
In the context of prison classification, what does 'close custody' typically refer to?
Inmates who require high levels of supervision and control
ExplanationRefers to highly supervised inmates.
#15
What is the primary objective of the restorative justice approach in the American correctional system?
To restore harm caused by crime and promote healing for victims and communities
ExplanationRestores harm caused by crime, promotes healing.