#1
Which of the following is a common measure of central tendency?
Variance
Standard deviation
Mean
Correlation coefficient
#2
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group
To manipulate the independent variable
To ensure random assignment
To collect qualitative data
#3
In a correlation coefficient, a value close to +1 indicates:
A strong positive relationship
A strong negative relationship
No relationship
A perfect positive relationship
#4
Which ethical principle emphasizes the need to maximize benefits and minimize harm to participants?
Informed consent
Debriefing
Confidentiality
Beneficence
#5
What is the purpose of a hypothesis in the scientific method?
To prove the researcher's preconceived ideas
To provide a tentative explanation for observed phenomena
To manipulate the independent variable
To ensure random assignment
#6
What is the primary purpose of random assignment in psychological research?
To ensure that participants are of the same age
To minimize the impact of confounding variables
To manipulate the independent variable
To increase the sample size
#7
In a longitudinal study, what is being measured over an extended period?
Cross-sectional data
Within-subject changes
Between-subject differences
Temporal trends within individuals
#8
What is the purpose of debriefing in psychological research involving human participants?
To provide participants with additional information about the study
To deceive participants about the true nature of the study
To ensure participants remain unaware of the study's purpose
To explain the study's purpose, procedures, and address any concerns
#9
What is the purpose of obtaining informed consent in psychological research?
To ensure participants are compensated for their time
To obtain permission from participants before the study begins
To manipulate participants' expectations
To deceive participants about the study's purpose
#10
What is the purpose of a pilot study in psychological research?
To collect data for the main study
To test the research hypothesis
To identify and address potential issues with study procedures
To manipulate the independent variable
#11
What does the term 'double-blind' mean in the context of experimental research?
Both the researcher and participants are unaware of the experimental conditions
Participants are unaware of the experimental conditions, but the researcher is aware
The researcher is unaware of the experimental conditions, but participants are aware
Both the researcher and participants are aware of the experimental conditions
#12
Which type of research design involves the manipulation of two or more independent variables?
Correlational design
Quasi-experimental design
Factorial design
Cross-sectional design
#13
Which statistical test is appropriate for comparing means of three or more groups in an experiment?
Paired-samples t-test
Chi-square test
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Independent-samples t-test
#14
What is the purpose of a case study in psychological research?
To establish causation between variables
To generalize findings to a larger population
To provide an in-depth analysis of a specific individual or situation
To manipulate the independent variable
#15
Which type of validity assesses whether a test measures what it is intended to measure?
Construct validity
Internal validity
External validity
Face validity