#1
Which of the following is NOT a defense mechanism proposed by Sigmund Freud?
#2
What is the term for the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment?
#3
In operant conditioning, what is reinforcement?
#4
What is the term for a mental representation of a group or individual that influences thoughts, feelings, and behaviors toward that group or individual?
#5
Which stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory occurs during infancy, where the primary task is to develop a sense of trust in the world?
#6
Which theorist is known for his work on the stages of moral development, including preconventional, conventional, and postconventional stages?
#7
Which of the following best describes the concept of classical conditioning?
#8
What is the term for the tendency to recall the first and last items in a series more easily than those in the middle?
#9
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of self-actualization in humanistic psychology?
#10
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own actions to internal factors while attributing others' actions to external factors?
#11
What is the term for the phenomenon in which the presence of others inhibits individual performance, particularly in tasks where effort is pooled?
#12
Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure, reward, and motivation?
#13
Which of the following best explains the bystander effect?
#14
What does the term 'cognitive dissonance' refer to in psychology?
#15
Which brain structure plays a central role in the regulation of emotions, particularly fear and aggression?
#16
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to provide help to a victim when others are present?
#17
What is the term for the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information in memory?
#18