#1
What is the primary cause of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)?
Genetic mutation
Bacterial infection
Dietary factors
Environmental pollution
#2
Which of the following is a common symptom of Polycystic Kidney Disease?
Fever
Persistent cough
Abdominal pain
Joint pain
#3
What is the recommended lifestyle modification for individuals with PKD?
High-sodium diet
Regular alcohol consumption
Maintaining a healthy blood pressure
Smoking
#4
Which type of PKD is characterized by the presence of cysts in other organs besides the kidneys?
Autosomal Dominant PKD
Autosomal Recessive PKD
Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease
Hepatic Cystic Disease
#5
Which of the following imaging findings is consistent with Polycystic Kidney Disease?
A single cyst in the kidney
Bilateral multiple cysts of varying sizes
Kidney stones
Tumor growth within the kidney
#6
What is the primary goal of managing Polycystic Kidney Disease?
Cure the disease
Prevent cyst formation
Manage symptoms and complications
Improve overall kidney function
#7
What is the function of the kidneys in the human body?
Digestion
Blood circulation
Filtering waste from the blood
Respiration
#8
How does PKD affect kidney function over time?
It improves kidney function
It has no impact on kidney function
It gradually impairs kidney function
It leads to increased blood circulation
#9
Which age group is most commonly affected by Polycystic Kidney Disease?
Children
Adolescents
Young adults
Middle-aged and older adults
#10
What is the typical progression of cyst development in PKD?
Rapid and sudden growth
Stable and unchanged size
Gradual enlargement over time
Cysts shrink and disappear
#11
What is the approximate prevalence of PKD in the general population?
1 in 500
1 in 1,000
1 in 5,000
1 in 10,000
#12
Which of the following is a potential complication of PKD?
Increased bone density
Liver disease
Brain tumor
Hypertension
#13
Which of the following is a potential complication of Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) unrelated to kidney function?
Skin rashes
Gallstones
Hair loss
Vision problems
#14
Which imaging technique is commonly used for diagnosing Polycystic Kidney Disease?
X-ray
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography (CT) scan
#15
What is the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of PKD?
Both parents must have the disease to pass it to the child
Either parent can pass the disease to the child
It is only inherited from the mother
It is only inherited from the father
#16
Which hormone is often elevated in individuals with Polycystic Kidney Disease?
Insulin
Thyroid hormone
Erythropoietin
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
#17
Which kidney is typically affected first in individuals with Polycystic Kidney Disease?
Right kidney
Left kidney
Both kidneys simultaneously
The choice is random
#18
What role does genetic counseling play in PKD management?
It prevents the occurrence of PKD
It helps in selecting a specific treatment
It provides information on inheritance risk
It is not relevant to PKD
#19
Which of the following is a key feature distinguishing PKD from simple renal cysts?
Location within the kidney
Size of the cysts
Presence of blood in the urine
Symptoms experienced by the patient
#20
What is the estimated percentage of individuals with PKD who progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) by age 60?
Less than 10%
Around 25%
Approximately 50%
More than 75%