#1
Who is often referred to as the 'Father of Psychology'?
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
#2
What is the primary focus of behaviorism?
Unconscious conflicts and desires
The structure of the mind
Observable behavior
Self-actualization
#3
Which of the following is associated with the 'fight or flight' response?
Parasympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Central nervous system
Enteric nervous system
#4
What is the term for a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem?
Algorithm
Insight
Heuristic
Trial and error
#5
Who developed the stages of psychosocial development, including concepts such as trust versus mistrust?
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Lawrence Kohlberg
#6
Which of the following is not a component of classical conditioning?
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
Unconditioned response (UCR)
Conscious response (CR)
#7
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must be satisfied first?
Self-actualization
Safety
Belongingness and love
Esteem
#8
What does the term 'cognitive dissonance' refer to in psychology?
The mental process of forming new memories
The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes
The ability to recall past events accurately
The process of solving problems using trial and error
#9
Who proposed the social learning theory, emphasizing the role of modeling and observational learning?
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
Albert Bandura
Erik Erikson
#10
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
GABA
#11
Which of the following best describes the 'confirmation bias'?
The tendency to believe new information that confirms existing beliefs
The tendency to seek out information that contradicts one's beliefs
The tendency to rely on the most readily available information
The tendency to remember information that supports one's beliefs
#12
What does the 'Stanford prison experiment' illustrate about human behavior?
The influence of authority on behavior
The effects of classical conditioning
The impact of social norms on behavior
The importance of cognitive dissonance