#1
Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Carl Jung
Sigmund Freud
B.F. Skinner
Jean Piaget
#2
What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs propose?
People are motivated by five basic categories of needs
Children's cognitive development proceeds in four stages
Learning occurs through observation and imitation
Behavior is learned through reinforcement and punishment
#3
Which psychologist is best known for his work on the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow
Erik Erikson
Ivan Pavlov
John B. Watson
#4
Who developed the theory of operant conditioning, which emphasizes the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior?
Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
#5
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'self-actualization'?
The realization of one's full potential
Learning through the observation of others
The unconscious motivation to avoid anxiety
The reinforcement of specific behaviors
#6
Which theory emphasizes the importance of unconscious mental processes in shaping feelings, thoughts, and behaviors?
Behaviorism
Cognitive Theory
Psychoanalytic Theory
Humanistic Theory
#7
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the role of the environment as a determinant of behavior?
Psychoanalytic Perspective
Cognitive Perspective
Behaviorist Perspective
Humanistic Perspective
#8
What is the phenomenon of observing and learning from the behaviors of those around us called?
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Observational Learning
Implicit Learning
#9
Which developmental theory focuses on how children actively construct knowledge as they manipulate and explore their world?
Behaviorism
Psychoanalytic Theory
Cognitive Development Theory
Attachment Theory
#10
Which theory emphasizes the mutual influence of the individual and their environment on each other, often summarized as 'people choose environments that suit their personality, and their environment shapes them'?
Trait Theory
Behaviorism
Social Cognitive Theory
Humanistic Psychology
#11
What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?
Unconscious conflicts
Human freedom, dignity, and potential
The study of mental processes such as attention, memory, perception, and problem-solving
The role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior
#12
Which theory suggests that people are motivated to reduce cognitive dissonance, or the discomfort they feel when their beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors are inconsistent with each other?
Self-Determination Theory
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Social Exchange Theory
Drive Reduction Theory
#13
What does the term 'locus of control' refer to?
The belief that one has control over the outcomes of their actions
The center of control in the brain that regulates emotions
The tendency to attribute success to internal factors and failures to external factors
The physical location where control over a situation is exerted
#14
Who proposed the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, which suggests that intelligence consists of analytical, creative, and practical abilities?
Howard Gardner
Robert Sternberg
Jean Piaget
Daniel Goleman
#15
What does the term 'epigenetics' refer to in the context of psychological development?
The study of how behavioral tendencies are inherited
The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself
The process of learning through observation alone, without direct reinforcement
The cognitive process involved in the acquisition of new knowledge and skills