#1
Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationSigmund Freud is considered the father of psychoanalysis.
#2
What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs propose?
People are motivated by five basic categories of needs
ExplanationMaslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that people are motivated by five basic categories of needs.
#3
Which psychologist is best known for his work on the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow is best known for his work on the hierarchy of needs.
#4
Who developed the theory of operant conditioning, which emphasizes the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationB.F. Skinner developed the theory of operant conditioning.
#5
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'self-actualization'?
The realization of one's full potential
ExplanationSelf-actualization is the realization of one's full potential.
#6
Which theory emphasizes the importance of unconscious mental processes in shaping feelings, thoughts, and behaviors?
Psychoanalytic Theory
ExplanationPsychoanalytic Theory emphasizes the role of unconscious mental processes.
#7
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the role of the environment as a determinant of behavior?
Behaviorist Perspective
ExplanationBehaviorist Perspective emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the role of the environment.
#8
What is the phenomenon of observing and learning from the behaviors of those around us called?
Observational Learning
ExplanationObservational Learning is the phenomenon of learning from the behaviors of those around us.
#9
Which developmental theory focuses on how children actively construct knowledge as they manipulate and explore their world?
Cognitive Development Theory
ExplanationCognitive Development Theory focuses on how children actively construct knowledge through exploration.
#10
Which theory emphasizes the mutual influence of the individual and their environment on each other, often summarized as 'people choose environments that suit their personality, and their environment shapes them'?
Social Cognitive Theory
ExplanationSocial Cognitive Theory emphasizes the mutual influence of individuals and their environment.
#11
What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?
The study of mental processes such as attention, memory, perception, and problem-solving
ExplanationCognitive psychology focuses on mental processes like attention, memory, perception, and problem-solving.
#12
Which theory suggests that people are motivated to reduce cognitive dissonance, or the discomfort they feel when their beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors are inconsistent with each other?
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
ExplanationCognitive Dissonance Theory suggests people are motivated to reduce discomfort from inconsistent beliefs.
#13
What does the term 'locus of control' refer to?
The belief that one has control over the outcomes of their actions
ExplanationLocus of control refers to the belief in control over the outcomes of one's actions.
#14
Who proposed the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, which suggests that intelligence consists of analytical, creative, and practical abilities?
Robert Sternberg
ExplanationRobert Sternberg proposed the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence.
#15
What does the term 'epigenetics' refer to in the context of psychological development?
The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself
ExplanationEpigenetics refers to changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression.