#1
Which of the following is a risk factor for gestational diabetes?
Being underweight
Having a family history of diabetes
Not consuming enough carbohydrates
Being sedentary
#2
What is the primary goal of managing gestational diabetes?
To eliminate the need for insulin therapy
To prevent maternal weight gain
To minimize the risk of fetal complications
To achieve normal blood glucose levels
#3
Which of the following statements about gestational diabetes is true?
It always resolves after pregnancy.
It primarily affects overweight or obese individuals.
It rarely requires blood glucose monitoring.
It increases the risk of developing type 1 diabetes later in life.
#4
Which of the following complications is NOT associated with gestational diabetes?
Preeclampsia
Macrosomia
Oligohydramnios
Gestational hypertension
#5
Which of the following tests is commonly used for screening gestational diabetes?
Random plasma glucose test
Fasting plasma glucose test
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test
#6
What is the recommended first-line approach for managing gestational diabetes?
Strict dietary restriction
Regular physical exercise
Insulin therapy
Medical nutrition therapy
#7
What is the target fasting blood glucose level for pregnant individuals with gestational diabetes?
Less than 80 mg/dL
80-100 mg/dL
100-120 mg/dL
Greater than 120 mg/dL
#8
Which of the following is a potential complication of uncontrolled gestational diabetes?
Hypertension
Polyhydramnios
Hypothyroidism
Rheumatoid arthritis
#9
Which of the following is a recommended dietary guideline for gestational diabetes?
Limiting carbohydrate intake
Consuming high amounts of saturated fats
Skipping meals to regulate blood sugar levels
Avoiding fruits and vegetables
#10
What is the primary treatment for gestational diabetes if diet and exercise fail to control blood glucose levels?
Oral antidiabetic medications
Insulin therapy
Corticosteroids
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
#11
Which hormone produced during pregnancy can lead to insulin resistance?
Estrogen
Progesterone
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Cortisol
#12
What is the recommended target for postprandial blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes?
Less than 120 mg/dL
120-140 mg/dL
140-160 mg/dL
Greater than 160 mg/dL
#13
Which of the following factors does NOT increase the risk of gestational diabetes?
Advanced maternal age
Having a previous pregnancy with gestational diabetes
Being of Asian, African, Hispanic, or Native American descent
Consuming a low-fat diet
#14
What is the primary concern when managing gestational diabetes during labor and delivery?
Maintaining maternal blood glucose levels
Avoiding fetal hypoglycemia
Promoting rapid labor progression
Preventing maternal dehydration
#15
What is the recommended approach for managing gestational diabetes after delivery?
Discontinuing blood glucose monitoring
Continuing lifestyle modifications
Starting a high-carbohydrate diet
Avoiding physical activity
#16
What is the preferred method of delivery for women with well-controlled gestational diabetes?
Elective cesarean section
Vaginal delivery
Induction of labor at 36 weeks
Water birth
#17
Which of the following hormones contributes to insulin resistance during pregnancy?
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)
Human placental lactogen (HPL)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
#18
What dietary component should be limited in the management of gestational diabetes?
Protein
Fiber
Saturated fats
Fruits
#19
Which of the following is a potential long-term consequence for infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes?
Low birth weight
Hypoglycemia
Type 2 diabetes later in life
Neural tube defects
#20
What is the primary mechanism of action of insulin in managing gestational diabetes?
Decreasing blood glucose production by the liver
Increasing insulin resistance
Stimulating glucose uptake by cells
Promoting glycogen breakdown
#21
In gestational diabetes, when is fetal surveillance typically initiated?
At 20 weeks gestation
At 28 weeks gestation
At 32 weeks gestation
At 36 weeks gestation
#22
What is the recommended frequency for monitoring blood glucose levels in individuals with gestational diabetes?
Once a day
Twice a week
Before and after each meal
Every other day
#23
Which of the following may be recommended if a pregnant individual with gestational diabetes cannot achieve glycemic control with lifestyle modifications and insulin therapy?
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)
Bariatric surgery
Lipid-lowering medications
Regular consumption of sugary snacks
#24
What is the primary goal of fetal surveillance in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes?
To monitor fetal heart rate
To assess fetal growth and well-being
To measure amniotic fluid volume
To determine fetal lung maturity
#25
Which of the following complications is a potential risk for infants born to mothers with poorly controlled gestational diabetes?
Neonatal hypoglycemia
Hyperbilirubinemia
Respiratory distress syndrome
All of the above