#1
Which amendment in the U.S. Constitution protects freedom of speech?
First Amendment
Second Amendment
Fourth Amendment
Fifth Amendment
#2
What does the acronym 'FERPA' stand for in the U.S. educational context?
Freedom of Expression Rights Protection Act
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
Federal Education Rights and Privacy Act
Fair Educational Rights and Privacy Act
#3
Which type of speech is typically afforded the highest level of protection under the First Amendment?
Commercial speech
Political speech
Obscene speech
Hate speech
#4
In educational settings, what is a common limitation to freedom of expression?
No limitations
Limited to written communication
Limited to specific subjects
Subject to disruption of educational activities
#5
Which Supreme Court case established the 'Tinker Test' for student expression?
Brown v. Board of Education
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Bethel School District v. Fraser
#6
Which international human rights instrument explicitly protects freedom of expression?
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Geneva Conventions
Convention on the Rights of the Child
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
#7
In the context of freedom of expression, what is 'prior restraint'?
Restrictions on speech after it has occurred
Government action to prevent speech before it occurs
Legal consequences for harmful speech
Protection of speech in public spaces
#8
What is the 'Miller Test' used to determine in the United States?
Defamation
Obscenity
Hate speech
Commercial speech
#9
What is the 'Heckler's Veto' in the context of freedom of expression?
Government censorship
Restrictions imposed by educational institutions
Suppression of speech due to potential audience reaction
Limits on expression in digital environments
#10
In the context of freedom of expression, what does the 'Lemon Test' assess?
Government endorsement of religion
Commercial speech
Student speech in schools
Political speech
#11
What is the 'chilling effect' in the context of freedom of expression?
Increased warmth towards diverse opinions
Self-censorship due to fear of punishment
Global warming's impact on speech
Enhanced protection of controversial speech
#12
Which landmark case involved the burning of the American flag as a form of political expression?
Texas v. Johnson
New York Times v. Sullivan
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
Citizens United v. FEC
#13
Which principle suggests that restrictions on freedom of expression should be the least restrictive means to achieve a compelling government interest?
Balancing test
Compelling interest doctrine
Strict scrutiny
Intermediate scrutiny