#1
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
Regulation of blood sugar levels
Production of digestive enzymes
Filtration of blood and removal of waste products
Transport of oxygen to cells
#2
Which of the following is a common complication of chronic kidney disease?
Hypertension
Type 1 diabetes
Osteoporosis
Asthma
#3
What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
To reabsorb water and electrolytes
To filter blood and form urine
To regulate blood pressure
To produce erythropoietin
#4
Which of the following is a potential complication of peritoneal dialysis?
Hypokalemia
Peritonitis
Hypocalcemia
Hypernatremia
#5
What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?
Dehydration
Type 2 diabetes
Chronic hypertension
Drug toxicity
#6
What is the term for the process by which waste products are removed from the blood and excreted as urine?
Filtration
Reabsorption
Excretion
Secretion
#7
What is the main purpose of dialysis?
To prevent kidney infections
To remove excess fluid and waste products from the blood
To stimulate kidney function
To improve blood circulation
#8
Which type of dialysis involves using the lining of the abdomen as a natural filter?
Hemodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis
Continuous renal replacement therapy
Intermittent hemodialysis
#9
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood pressure and fluid balance?
Insulin
Aldosterone
Estrogen
Growth hormone
#10
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of acute kidney injury?
Decreased urine output
Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
Severe thirst
High blood pressure
#11
Which of the following is NOT a type of dialysis access?
Arteriovenous fistula
Central venous catheter
Intraperitoneal catheter
Arteriovenous graft
#12
What is the normal range for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in healthy adults?
Less than 15 mL/min
60-90 mL/min
100-130 mL/min
150-200 mL/min
#13
What is a major dietary restriction for patients on dialysis?
Low sodium intake
High potassium intake
High phosphorus intake
High fluid intake
#14
What is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
High blood pressure
Type 2 diabetes
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Rheumatoid arthritis
#15
Which medication is commonly used to treat hyperkalemia, a condition characterized by high levels of potassium in the blood?
Calcium carbonate
Albuterol
Sodium bicarbonate
Kayexalate
#16
Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease?
Furosemide
Metoprolol
Epoetin alfa
Lisinopril
#17
What is the term for the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products in the blood due to kidney dysfunction?
Uremia
Glycosuria
Hyperkalemia
Albuminuria
#18
What is the term for the process of removing waste products from the blood in patients with kidney failure?
Dialysis
Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion