#1
What is the primary function of viral taxonomy?
To study the structure of viruses
To classify viruses based on shared characteristics
To develop vaccines against viruses
To analyze viral genetic material
#2
Which of the following is NOT a component of a typical virus?
Capsid
Membrane envelope
Ribosomes
Genetic material
#3
Which of the following is a method used for viral replication?
Binary fission
Budding
Mitosis
Meiosis
#4
What is the name for a virus that infects bacteria?
Viroid
Phage
Prion
Retrovirus
#5
Which kingdom do viruses belong to?
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
They are not classified in any kingdom
#6
Which of the following is NOT a mode of viral transmission?
Vector-borne transmission
Contact with infected bodily fluids
Airborne transmission
Photosynthesis
#7
What is the primary target of antiviral drugs?
Viral capsid
Viral envelope
Host cell
Viral genome
#8
Which of the following is NOT a method of viral entry into host cells?
Endocytosis
Fusion with host cell membrane
Exocytosis
Direct injection of genetic material
#9
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a prion?
Contains genetic material
Consists of abnormal protein
Has lipid envelope
Replicates using host cell machinery
#10
Which cellular component do viruses lack?
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Nucleus
#11
What is the basic structure of a virus?
Protein coat surrounding genetic material
Membrane-bound organelles with DNA
Cell wall with cytoplasm
Complex network of microtubules
#12
Which viral taxonomy level is directly below family?
#13
Which of the following is NOT a type of viral genome?
#14
What is the function of the viral envelope?
Protection of genetic material
Facilitation of attachment to host cells
Regulation of viral gene expression
Assembly of viral particles
#15
What is the role of viral polymerase during viral replication?
Catalyzing the formation of viral proteins
Facilitating viral attachment to host cells
Copying viral RNA or DNA
Disrupting the host cell's metabolic processes
#16
Which viral structure contains the genetic material?
Capsid
Envelope
Spike protein
Nucleocapsid
#17
What is a common feature of both lytic and lysogenic cycles in viral replication?
Incorporation of viral DNA into host genome
Production of viral proteins
Release of mature viruses from host cell
Attachment of virus to host cell
#18
Which type of viral genome undergoes reverse transcription?
Single-stranded DNA
Double-stranded RNA
Single-stranded RNA
Double-stranded DNA
#19
What is the primary role of viral proteins?
Regulation of host cell metabolism
Facilitation of viral entry into host cells
Replication of viral genome
Formation of viral envelope
#20
Which viral structure protects the genetic material from host defenses?
Capsid
Envelope
Spike protein
Nucleocapsid
#21
What is a characteristic feature of retroviruses?
Single-stranded DNA genome
Double-stranded RNA genome
Reverse transcriptase enzyme
Presence of a lipid bilayer
#22
Which viral structure is responsible for viral attachment to host cells?
Capsid
Envelope
Spike protein
Nucleocapsid
#23
Which of the following viruses is responsible for COVID-19?
Influenza virus
Coronavirus
Ebola virus
HIV
#24
Which viral protein facilitates the release of mature viruses from host cells?
Protease
Ligase
Hemagglutinin
Neuraminidase
#25
Which virus is associated with causing cervical cancer?
Hepatitis B virus
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Herpes simplex virus
Epstein-Barr virus