#1
What is the definition of a self-fulfilling prophecy?
A belief that leads to actions that cause the belief to come true
A prediction made by a psychic that always comes true
A random event that fulfills a belief
A belief that is proven wrong by actions
#2
Which of the following best describes the concept of a self-fulfilling prophecy?
A prediction that turns out to be true purely by coincidence
A belief or expectation that influences behavior in a way that makes the belief or expectation come true
A prophecy that can only be fulfilled through external intervention
A belief that has no impact on subsequent actions or outcomes
#3
Which field of psychology focuses on how individual thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others?
Social psychology
Cognitive psychology
Developmental psychology
Clinical psychology
#4
Which sociologist first introduced the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy?
Kurt Lewin
Émile Durkheim
Robert K. Merton
Sigmund Freud
#5
In the context of self-fulfilling prophecies, what is the Pygmalion effect?
A situation where low expectations lead to low performance
A situation where high expectations lead to improved performance
A situation where people's behavior matches their expectations
A situation where initial beliefs are proven to be false
#6
In what way does confirmation bias relate to self-fulfilling prophecies?
It causes people to reject feedback that contradicts their beliefs, perpetuating the prophecy
It encourages people to seek out information that challenges their beliefs, breaking the prophecy
It has no relation to self-fulfilling prophecies
It leads people to randomly fulfill prophecies
#7
Which psychological phenomenon involves individuals altering their behavior in response to the expectations or behavior of others?
Social facilitation
Social loafing
Conformity
Groupthink
#8
What term describes a phenomenon where individuals behave in accordance with their perceived role or expectations?
Stereotyping
Socialization
Role conformity
Group polarization
#9
Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to the manifestation of a self-fulfilling prophecy?
Social norms
Cultural background
Genetic predisposition
Environmental context
#10
Which psychological theory is closely related to the concept of self-fulfilling prophecies?
Social learning theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
Social identity theory
Expectancy theory
#11
How can individuals or groups break the cycle of self-fulfilling prophecies?
By ignoring feedback from others
By reaffirming their negative beliefs
By actively challenging and changing their beliefs and behaviors
By avoiding situations where their beliefs might be tested
#12
What is the term for the process by which initial expectations or beliefs lead to behaviors that confirm those expectations or beliefs?
Cognitive dissonance
Expectancy theory
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Confirmation bias
#13
What is the term for the tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors and our failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
Fundamental attribution error
Internal locus of control
External locus of control
#14
Which theory suggests that individuals are more likely to fulfill prophecies when they believe those prophecies to be true?
Social identity theory
Expectancy theory
Attribution theory
Theory of planned behavior
#15
Which cognitive bias involves individuals overestimating their ability to predict future events?
Hindsight bias
Overconfidence bias
Confirmation bias
Availability heuristic