#1
Which of the following is a key characteristic of experimental research?
Observation of natural behaviors
Manipulation of variables
Survey administration
Literature review
#2
Which type of validity assesses the extent to which the findings can be generalized to other populations?
Internal validity
External validity
Construct validity
Content validity
#3
What is the primary goal of random sampling in experimental research?
To ensure every individual has an equal chance of being in the study
To manipulate the independent variable
To conduct a literature review
To observe natural behaviors
#4
In experimental research, what is the purpose of a research hypothesis?
To summarize the study's findings
To provide a rationale for the study
To guide the research design and predictions
To conduct a literature review
#5
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
The variable being measured
The variable manipulated by the researcher
The constant variable
The dependent variable
#6
Which statistical test is commonly used to compare means between two groups in experimental research?
Chi-square test
T-test
ANOVA
Regression analysis
#7
In experimental research, what does random assignment refer to?
Assigning participants to groups based on their preferences
Assigning participants to groups by chance or random selection
Assigning participants to groups based on their characteristics
Assigning participants to groups systematically
#8
What is the purpose of a pilot study in experimental research?
To test the main hypothesis of the study
To identify potential problems and refine the study design
To collect data for the final analysis
To conduct a literature review
#9
What is the purpose of a debriefing session in experimental research?
To manipulate the independent variable
To provide participants with information about the study's true purpose and nature
To conduct a literature review
To observe natural behaviors
#10
What is a confounding variable in experimental research?
The variable being manipulated by the researcher
A variable that interferes with the study's results
The dependent variable
A variable that remains constant
#11
What is the purpose of a control group in an experimental study?
To manipulate the independent variable
To provide a baseline for comparison
To conduct a literature review
To observe natural behaviors
#12
What is a double-blind experimental design?
An experiment with two independent variables
An experiment in which neither the participants nor the researchers know who is in the experimental or control group
An experiment with two dependent variables
An experiment without a control group
#13
What is a counterbalancing technique in experimental design?
Balancing the budget for the research project
Balancing the sample sizes in experimental and control groups
Balancing the order of presentation of experimental conditions across participants
Balancing the number of variables in the study
#14
What is the purpose of a placebo in experimental research?
To manipulate the independent variable
To control for the effects of participant expectations
To conduct a literature review
To observe natural behaviors