#1
Which legal system is based on statutes and codes?
Common Law
Civil Law
Islamic Law
Customary Law
#2
Which document serves as the foundation of the United States legal system?
The Magna Carta
The U.S. Constitution
The Bill of Rights
The Declaration of Independence
#3
In which legal system are judicial decisions and precedents a primary source of law?
Common Law
Civil Law
Islamic Law
Customary Law
#4
Which principle underlines the idea that similar cases should be decided in a similar manner?
Habeas corpus
Stare decisis
Mens rea
Subpoena
#5
Which legal principle emphasizes that a person is innocent until proven guilty?
Presumption of innocence
Double jeopardy
Due process
Burden of proof
#6
In criminal justice, what does 'mens rea' refer to?
The act itself
The motive or guilty mind
The punishment
The defense strategy
#7
Which international court is responsible for prosecuting individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes?
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
International Criminal Court (ICC)
Inter-American Court of Human Rights
#8
Which country follows a legal system that combines elements of both common law and civil law traditions?
United States
United Kingdom
Canada
Australia
#9
What is the primary purpose of restorative justice?
Punishing offenders
Rehabilitating offenders
Seeking revenge
Repairing harm and rebuilding relationships
#10
What is the main goal of punishment in the criminal justice system?
Retribution
Deterrence
Rehabilitation
Restitution
#11
Which international human rights treaty prohibits torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment?
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT)
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
#12
What is the primary role of a grand jury in the United States legal system?
Determining guilt or innocence
Issuing arrest warrants
Reviewing evidence to decide if a trial is warranted
Imposing sentences
#13
What is the 'habeas corpus' principle in legal terms?
Presumption of innocence
Right to a fair trial
Right to be free from unlawful detention
Right to legal representation
#14
In a criminal trial, what does the term 'voir dire' refer to?
The opening statement by the prosecutor
The examination of potential jurors
The closing argument by the defense attorney
The judge's final instructions to the jury
#15
Who is typically responsible for initiating criminal prosecutions in a common law system?
Public prosecutor
Police officer
Defense attorney
Judge
#16
What is the 'beyond a reasonable doubt' standard used in criminal trials?
The standard for civil cases
The burden of proof on the prosecution
The standard for appellate review
The standard for determining guilt in criminal cases
#17
What is the concept of 'double jeopardy' in criminal law?
Being charged with two crimes simultaneously
Being tried twice for the same offense
Double punishment for a single crime
Double standards in legal proceedings
#18
Which legal system places a strong emphasis on written codes and statutes?
Common Law
Civil Law
Islamic Law
Customary Law
#19
What is the 'exclusionary rule' in criminal law?
Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court
The defendant must be excluded from the courtroom
Certain crimes are excluded from prosecution
The judge can exclude witnesses from testifying